An area of the body where two or more bones articulate to create human movement.
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What are synovial joints?
Freely-moveable joints.
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What are the synovial joints?
Hinge, ball and socket, pivot, condyloid, gliding.
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What is a condyloid joint?
Similar to a ball and socket joint with flatter bone surfaces.
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What is a joint capsule and what does it do?
A fibrous sac with an inner synovial membrane which encloses and strengthens the joint secreting synovial fluid.
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What is the ligament and what does it do?
A tough band of slightly elastic connective tissue which connects bone to bone and stabilises joint during movement.
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What is the synovial fluid and what does it do?
Lubricating liquid contained within the joint cavity which reduces friction and nourishes articular cartilage.
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What is the cartilage and what does it do?
Smooth tissue which covers the surface of articulating bones and absorbs shock and allows friction-free movement.
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What is the bursa and what does it do?
A closed, fluid-filled sac found where tendons rubs over bones which reduces friction between tendons and bones.
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Why is the shoulder joint an unstable joint?
The head of the humerous sits in a very shallow glenoid cavity of the scapula.
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What are the structures of the shoulder joint?
Labrum and Rotator Cuff Muscles (SItS)
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What is the labrum and what does it do?
A ring of cartilage which surrounds the cavity of the scapula to deepen the socket while maintaining flexilibility.
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What are the rotator cuff muscles and what do they do?
Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor and subscapularis stabilise the joint by holding the head of the humerous in contact with the glenoid cavity and create rotation.
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What is the problem with the rotator cuff muscles?
They are relatively small for the demands placed upon them and can be torn due to sudden impact or inflamed due to overuse.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What is a joint?
Back
An area of the body where two or more bones articulate to create human movement.
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