ITC 3

?
  • Created by: MitchC
  • Created on: 17-05-17 13:43
Payroll - Input
All companies need to make sure that the people who work for them get paid a salary.
1 of 38
Payroll - Input 2
Some companies pay their employees at the end of every week, some at the end of every month. Whichever system is used at the end of the pay period a payroll system is run on the computer, which calculates how much each employee should be paid.
2 of 38
Payroll - Input 3
A database (the Employee master file) of the employee’s details such as employee identity number, name, pay rate or salary, National Insurance number and tax code.
3 of 38
Payroll - Input 4
Timesheets that provide data about the number of hours an employee has worked during the time period and whether any overtime has been done
4 of 38
Payroll - Input 5
Timesheets can be done on paper but it is now more likely to be done on a computer especially with specialist timesheet software now existing.
5 of 38
Payroll - Processing
The Employee master file is sorted in order of its key field. Before the timesheet file can be processed, it needs to be sorted into the same order as the Employee master file. This speeds up the processing.
6 of 38
Payroll - Processing 2
A payroll system is an example of a batch-processing system. All the timesheets and files are prepared and collected and the payroll system is run at an off-peak time such as at night or at the weekend.
7 of 38
Payroll - Processing 3
There is no human intervention required once the payroll program has been started; payslips are prepared and printed automatically.
8 of 38
Payroll - Output
There will be some printed outputs from the payroll process, but also some of the fields in the employee database need to be updated with new values.
9 of 38
Payroll - Output 2
Printed payslips include a summary of the employee’s pay and deductions for that period. They are normally printed on special pre-printed stationary.
10 of 38
Payroll - Output 3
Updated fields, such as the “total amount of payments this year” or “Total tax paid this year”, need to be stored in records of the employee database.
11 of 38
Payroll - Output 4
Data needs to be sent to the BACS system so that money can be transferred to the bank accounts of the employees.
12 of 38
Payroll - Output 5
Reports are output summarising the company’s pay for the period. Accountants in the financial department use the data to update their accounting system.
13 of 38
Robotic control
A robot is a machine that can be programmed to perform a sequence of actions. Many robots are now used in industry, particularly in manufacturing where jobs are repetitive and boring for humans.
14 of 38
Robotic control 2
Many conveyor belt jobs are now performed by robot arms that have a number of ‘joints’ (Like elbows and wrists) which allow the arm to move in any direction. The arm may also have some sort of grip, which allows it to pick up an object or use a tool.
15 of 38
Robotic control
A computer program is an ordered sequence of instructions that a computer can execute. A robot needs a program to define and sequence its actions. This program runs continuously whenever the machine is switched on.
16 of 38
Robotic control 2
A robot may have sensors built into it, which are used to detect when an object passes in front of it. A moving robot would need sensors to detect the proximity of solid objects so that it does not crash into them.
17 of 38
Robotic control 3
The data from these sensors acts as input for the controlling program. Robots that grip objects or turn them may have a sensor that measures the strength of the grip of the torque. Output from the robot’s program consist of control signals that cause
18 of 38
CAD systems
Computer-aided design (CAD) software is a computerised drawing tool that assists designers to create graphic designs of objects.
19 of 38
CAD systems 2
CAD can be used to design houses, cars, kitchen layouts, aircraft, bridges, electronic circuit boards, etc.
20 of 38
CAD systems 3
Designs are displayed on a monitor and can be edited using a mouse or a graphics tablet. Finished designs can be saved and printed out using a printer or for larger designs, using a graph plotter.
21 of 38
CAM systems 4
Output from a CAD design can be converted into a sequence of instructions for special types of computer numerical control (CNC) machine. The CNC machine then manufactures the item. Computer –aided manufacture (CAM) is the actually making of the ite
22 of 38
CAM systems 5
CAD/CAM is the term used for the whole process of using a computer to design an object and then outputting the finished design to a CNC machine, which manufactures it.
23 of 38
CAM systems 6
Computer-controlled machinery produces accurate results and minimises wastage. More importantly, it does the job consistently. The manufacturing process can be continuous and changes in design can be made with little interruption to the manufacturing
24 of 38
Artificial intelligence
Artificial intelligence (AI) gives systems or machines the appearance of being intelligent. They behave in a way that in a human would be described as intelligent.
25 of 38
Artificial intelligence 2
Scientists hope that one day there will be intelligent robots to clean houses, repair machines, drive cars and so on but, except for in films, this has not become a reality though many advances have been made.
26 of 38
Expert systems
One use of AI is in expert systems. An expert system takes the place of a human expert.
27 of 38
Expert systems 2
They help miners to find metals or gold, astronauts to repair their spacecraft and computer owners to fix their computers. Another use of expert systems is in medicine.
28 of 38
Expert systems in medicine
In medicine, expert systems are being used to diagnose illnesses.
29 of 38
Expert systems in medicine
A large database of diseases and their symptoms is stored in a database.
30 of 38
Expert systems in medicine
A patient answers a sequence of simple questions by typing in their answers at a keyboard or possibly on a touch screen device to select an option.
31 of 38
Expert systems in medicine
The responses are analysed by the expert system and the inference engine uses a set of rules to make deductions about the probable illness.
32 of 38
Advantages of expert systems
The knowledge in the database can be far more than a human is capable of remembering. New data can be added at any time as new medical research is undertaken. The doctor does not need to learn as much information then
33 of 38
Advantages of expert systems 2
The expert system should never get facts wrong. This is an advantage to the patient as humans make mistakes and may not be able to remember important facts correctly.
34 of 38
Advantages of expert systems 3
Human experts retire when they get old. The expert system lives for ever, with no loss of knowledge, and may evolve into bigger and better hardware and software.
35 of 38
Advantages of expert systems 4
Some people would prefer to enter personal data into a computer than discuss them with a doctor.
36 of 38
Disadvantages of expert systems
Some people may prefer the personal touch of discussing medical matters with a doctor. They may feel the doctor is more likely to understand their personal feelings and be more sympathetic.
37 of 38
Disadvantages of expert systems 2
Expert systems are not cheap and considerable expenditure is needed to install one.
38 of 38

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Some companies pay their employees at the end of every week, some at the end of every month. Whichever system is used at the end of the pay period a payroll system is run on the computer, which calculates how much each employee should be paid.

Back

Payroll - Input 2

Card 3

Front

A database (the Employee master file) of the employee’s details such as employee identity number, name, pay rate or salary, National Insurance number and tax code.

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

Timesheets that provide data about the number of hours an employee has worked during the time period and whether any overtime has been done

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Timesheets can be done on paper but it is now more likely to be done on a computer especially with specialist timesheet software now existing.

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
View more cards

Comments

No comments have yet been made

Similar Computing resources:

SDLC
See all Computing resources »See all ITC resources »