Islam key facts

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Islam, Arabic meaning:
‘Submission or surrender’
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Follower of Islam is known as...
Muslim, meaning ‘one who submits’
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When did Islam began...
Islam began 1500 years ago with prophet Muhammad
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Where was Muhammad born and when?
Muhammad was born in Mecca, 570AD which is known as Saudis Arabia today.
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When his parents died who looked after Muhammad?
Muhammad’s uncle raised him.
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At what age he met a widow, and what’s her name?
At the age of 25 and the name is Khadija.
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What was Muhammad concerned about?
The bad behaviour of his people in Mecca like
- lying
-cheating
-gambling
-fighting
-drinking too much
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When did Muhammad have a vision and where?
Muhammad had a vision on 610 AD in Mountain Hira.
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What do Muslims say after Muhammad’s name?
‘Peace be upon him’
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What year was Muhammad forced to leave the city?
AD622
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Who forced Muhammad and his followers to leave?
Local business people and traders
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What is the leaving of Mecca know as?
Hijra- departure of Exodus
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Where did they leave to?
Left to a city known as Yathrib
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Muhammad was welcomed and appreciated into Yathrib. What did the city became known as?
Medina which means city of the prophet
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Where did the Muslim community began?
In Medina
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What did they build in Medina?
Their place to worship and pray, the first mosque
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How long later did Muhammad and his army returned to Mecca?
8 years later
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When did he die?
2 years after the arrival to Mecca
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What is the Quran?
The sacred book for Muslims
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What does the Quran mean?
“That which is to be proclaimed “
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What is the Quran written in?
Arabic
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What are Muslims that knows how to recite the Quran by heart known as?
Hafiz
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How many chapters and verses in the Quran and what is the size like?
114 chapters called the suras and 6666 verses similar size to the Christian New Testament.
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When was the Quran found and by who?
Over a period of 23 years, Angel Gabriel revealed the Quran which contained words of Allah to Muhammad.
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What is the Quran for?
To offer guidance and direction for Muslims.
It explains how to serve God.
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Name the 5 pillars
Shahada= declaration of faith, Salat= prayer, Zakat= charity, Sawm= fasting, Hajj= pilgrimage
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Shahada:
There is no God but Allah and Muhammad is the prophet of God. The Islamic creed in belief of oneness of Allah and the acceptance of Muhammad as the prophet of Allah.
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Salat:
A physical, mental and spiritual act of worship, observed 5 times every day at prescribed time.
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Zakat:
Every year Muslims are expected to make a donation of 2 and half % of their disposable income for the relief of poor.
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Sawm:
During the month of Ramadan, fasting is proceeded by adult Muslims to abstain from eating food, drinking and smoking. Fasting is occurred during the hours of daylight. Fasting can be excused for elderlies, pregnant woman’s etc.
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Hajj:
An annual pilgrimage to Mecca that is mandatory for all Muslims to make at least once in their lifetime and to join for special prayers.
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Where do Muslims pray in?
In a mosque
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Characteristics of a mosque
-dome shaped roof and a crescent moon symbol on top
-a place to do wudu
-one or more tall, slender tower called minarets
A cloakroom to leave shoes behind before entering the mosque
- floor of mosque is covered in prayer rugs.
- No seats, altar, candles
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What will a mosque be decorated with?
- Brightly coloured tiles or mosaics
- some writing/ calligraphy of the quotes or sentences from Quran written on wall.
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Who calls the Ahan prayer in the minaret
The meuzzin
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Why are shoes removed before entering the mosque?
To prevent dust entering the building and to respect the mosque with cleanliness and holiness
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The two ritual before praying:
Remove shoes and perform a wudu
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How is wudu performed
First wash hands then rinse mouth, blow nose wash face. Then arms to elbow, head and ear and your feet. All washed three times.
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Why do mosques have domes?
A beauty for the mosque and as a speaker to travel sounds of prayers.
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What does the chandelier symbolise?
Symbolise the light of God.
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Why is there no statues or images?
No statues or images are visible in the mosques as Muhammad didn’t support people praying to idols and Muslims truly worship an unseen God.
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What direction Muslims face when praying?
The Mihrab
There is an alcove shape which helps reflect.
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Why men and women pray separately
So they don’t get distracted
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Muslim dress code:
Expected to dress simply, modestly and with dignity.
Men must be covered from waist to knee.
Women shouldn’t show any bare skin therefore they wear a hijab or if wanted a burka which covers head to toe with a small opening for eyes.
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Islamic calendar:
It is the lunar calendar which is based on the cycles of the moon.
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Why Muslims do Ramadan
As well as honouring Allah, it’s offers Muslim to strengthen their faith, to remind the sufferance of the poor, repay their sins or faults and being a community of the Islamic faith.
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Eid:
Muslims start Eid at the end of Ramadan to celebrate end of fasting and thank Allah for the strength given throughout the previous month.
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Muslims food rules:
Halal food= Meats that have been farmed, prepared and slaughtered.
Haram foods= pork products or traces of fat from pigs, animals not prepared to Islamic law. Muslims have to be careful with processed food because some ingredients may be unknown. Alcohol
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Card 2

Front

Follower of Islam is known as...

Back

Muslim, meaning ‘one who submits’

Card 3

Front

When did Islam began...

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Where was Muhammad born and when?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

When his parents died who looked after Muhammad?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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