Is Pyschology a Science?

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What is the definition of Science?
a study or investigation of a phenomena that is objective, reductionist, deterministic and quantifiable would be deemed scientific
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What would research would be deemed as?
true science
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If it was What?
a value free and established a cause and effect between a dependant and independant vairables
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As a result of scientific research, What can be made?
predictions about future outcomes can be made and hence if it is behaviours that is being studied
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What can be controlled and anticipated?
An individual's actions
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What is needed to make this three marks?
An example
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The status of psychology as a science is one that is not?
ultimately fixed
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In the past different approaches to psychology have been more or less?
Scientific
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Science is a what?
young concept
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who can the basic assumption of modern science be attributed to?
Decartes
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What did he split?
the universe into 2 fundamental parts
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What are these two categories?
physical matter and non physical mind
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What could be studied objectively?
matter
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from what perspective and using what laws?
reductionist perspective, using the laws of mathematics as an impartial by stander
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However the study of the mind required what?
introspection for it to hold value and as a result was not scientific in tis nature
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What did Watson first argue?
psychology is a science
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Where behaviourists viewed it as?
'a purely objective natural science'
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where cause and effect could be established and ? could be obtained?
reliability
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his discovery of whos work on what?
discovery of Pavlov's work on conditional reflexes in dogs
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Ehat did this become the foundation of?
full scale human psychology at the time
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The need for scientific rigour and objectivity placed psychology where?
in the category of 'science'
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However, what was a disadvantage of Watson's research?
was his research always value free?
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'scientific' researchers have been criticised by?
psychologists such as Rosenthal
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What does he suggest?
It is inevitable that the human element of a study will be subjective a
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What does that result in?
self-filling due to researcher bias and demand characteristics
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He established that it is not truly possible for a researcher, to know what? and not influence what?
the full aims of the study and not to influence its outcomes
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What can be called into the question?
basi scientific nature of psychology
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However, other psychologists such as who ?
Freud
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do what?
lend further weight to the argument that psychology is a science
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his explanations of behaviour show what?
cause and effect that is entirely determined
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by what?
childhood experiences and unconscious desires
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What does psychology has what?
the qualities that science requires
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However most of his research uses what? which are what?
case studies, which are seen as less scientific
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Case studies are low on what?
reliability, they make it hard to compare and be represnetative
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What can case studies offer though?
depth and detail into a participant
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Alternatively, functionalism seems to what?
oppose the scientific nature of psychology even though its founder William james was a psychologist
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What did James believe in?
free will
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What did he help stimulate?
interest in individual differences between different people and cultures
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What did he suggest?
behaviour was not wholly predicatble
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What is a weakness of James?
It was all theoretical
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A psychologist that has tried to create a what?
universal, scientific explanation of stress is Seyle
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What did he complete?
his work with rats into that the GAS
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what was a result?
reductionist in his explanations and hence also scientific
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What does the use of animals suggest?
psychology is a science where seyle could control rats in a way that not possible when using human pps
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He then applied his 3 stages to what? as he explained that?
humans as he explained that a biological stress response would be universal across all species
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However, how could this be weakened?
rats and humans are different, therefore, it could be questionned whether this is scientifically accurate
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Humanistic psychologists would claim what?
psychology is not a science as they try to look at behaviour more holistically
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Although, supporters of this approach did not reject what?
scientific views they attempted to unify the subjective and objective parts of the self
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What did Rogers state?
there can be no scientific knowledge without experimental knowledge
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In a sense returning to what?
Descartes more philophical view of science
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What is a weakness of Rogers?
theoretical
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What would research would be deemed as?

Back

true science

Card 3

Front

If it was What?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

As a result of scientific research, What can be made?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What can be controlled and anticipated?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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