Atomic Radius, Nuclear charge, Shielding by inner electrons
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Down a group
DECREASES DOWN A GROUP (Atomic radius increases / Shielding increases... so less energy required to remove the electron.)
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Across a period
INCREASES ACROSS A PERIOD (Atomic radius decreases / Nuclear charge increases / No change in Shielding... So less energy required to remove the electron.)
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Group 3
Ionisation energies lower than expected due to the atoms having a s2/p1 arrangement. Outer electron in p1 sub-shell is further from the nucleus aswell as being shielded by inner s2 electrons. Therefore, less energy is required to remove p1 electron.
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Group 6
Ionisation energies lower than expected due to electron pairs in the p sub-shell. P4 arrangement creates repulsion between the 2 electrons in same p orbital - so less energy required to remove it.
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Defintion of ionisation energy
The energy required to remove one mole of electrons from one mole of gaseous atoms to form one mole of gaseous 1+ ions.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
DECREASES DOWN A GROUP (Atomic radius increases / Shielding increases... so less energy required to remove the electron.)
Back
Down a group
Card 3
Front
INCREASES ACROSS A PERIOD (Atomic radius decreases / Nuclear charge increases / No change in Shielding... So less energy required to remove the electron.)
Back
Card 4
Front
Ionisation energies lower than expected due to the atoms having a s2/p1 arrangement. Outer electron in p1 sub-shell is further from the nucleus aswell as being shielded by inner s2 electrons. Therefore, less energy is required to remove p1 electron.
Back
Card 5
Front
Ionisation energies lower than expected due to electron pairs in the p sub-shell. P4 arrangement creates repulsion between the 2 electrons in same p orbital - so less energy required to remove it.
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