Investigating Society Keywords

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self-completion questionnaires
respondents complete the questionnaire themselves and then return it to the researcher.
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interview questionnaires
questions are read out to the respondent by the researcher, who then records the respondent answers.
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closed questions
respondents are presented with either a list of options or a two-way choice and have to select the response with which they most agree
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open questions
respondents are free to answer the question in any way that they like; there are no preset options
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trends
patterns of behaviour or attitudes seen in evidence
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standardised questions
all respondents are asked the same questions in the same order, allowing for comparisons to be made
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low response rate
not everyone that you want to participate in your research may do so, meaning that your respondents may no longer be typical of the population under study
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statistics
data presented in a numerical form as a percentage
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quantitative data
numerical data, often presented as statistics
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qualitative data
in-depth data usually presented in a written form
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structured interview
a set of standardised preset questions is read out to the respondent by the researcher
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unstructured interview
a very flexible interview, more like a conversation, instead of a list of questions to answer, the researcher is more likely to just have general topics of ideas to discuss
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semi-structured interview
somewhere in-between a structured and an unstructured interview, meaning that the researcher can have preset questions but also has the flexibility to follow up on interesting answers given by the respondent
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focus group
several respondents are interviewed at once and are allowed to discuss the questions being asked of them
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research population
the group(s) of people relevant to the study being completed
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interviewer bias
where the interviewer influences the answers that the respondent gives
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social desirability
where the respondent gives the kind of answer that they think the researcher wants to hear
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non-participant observation
where a researcher watches a group without getting involved in what they're doing
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participant observation
where a researcher joins the group being studied and acts as they do whilst completing the observation
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overt observation
where the researcher tells the group under study that they are being observed and does not attempt to hide their presence from them
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covert observation
where the researcher does not let the group being studied know that they are being observed
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bias
the subject is presented in a one-sided way which favours one point of view more than others
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

interview questionnaires

Back

questions are read out to the respondent by the researcher, who then records the respondent answers.

Card 3

Front

closed questions

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

open questions

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

trends

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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