Investigating Human Cognition

?
What are the elements of a functional/ computational account (5)?
Representations of information, processes that translate between/ transform representations, organisation of components, control mechanisms that enable/ disable organisations, vague theories.
1 of 22
What is the process of lexical access in reading?
Identify letters and represent their sequence ---> Identify words and retrieve ---> Syntactic class/ word meaning.
2 of 22
What is the process of extra-linguistic context and knowledge?
(Syntactic class) Interpret sentence structure ---> (Word meaning) Interpret sentence meaning
3 of 22
What are artificial lab tasks?
Designed to exercise and capture a component process, typically stimulus/ response tasks, allows accuracy/ reaction time to be measured.
4 of 22
What is the word superiority effect?
When accuracy of letter identification is greater in the context of a word than a matched non-word.
5 of 22
What are frequency effects?
When RTs for lexical decisions, categorization and naming are shorter for words that are more frequent in a language.
6 of 22
What are sentence context effects?
When RTs for lexical decision and naming are shorter when a word is presented in a sentence context of which it is a plausible continuation.
7 of 22
What are continuous, natural performance tasks?
Use eye fixation data, provide a relatively natural online method for investigating critical psycho-linguistic methods.
8 of 22
What is fixation duration in natural reading influenced by (2)?
Frequency effects, context effects.
9 of 22
What methods can be used to investigate a cognitive skill (3)?
Introspective reports, observation and manipulation of behaviour, measurement and manipulation of brain activity.
10 of 22
What is the serial search model?
When a spelling pattern is compared to each word-form stored in the mental dictionary to identify meaning/ pronounciation.
11 of 22
How is the serial search model made more efficient?
The search is in order of frequency in the language, hence a match will be found faster for a more frequent word.
12 of 22
What is the modified serial model?
When a person's mental dictionary of word-forms is divided into bins, and the spelling pattern is categorised into one of these bins then a serial search is carried out within that bin.
13 of 22
What does processing at word level facilitate?
Identification of constituent letters.
14 of 22
What does processing of sentence context facilitate?
Word identification.
15 of 22
Why does Forster argue that word recognition is autonomous?
There can't be "sentence units", can't generalise all plausible sentence continuations fast enough.
16 of 22
How can neuro-psychologists measure the effect of the brain on cognitive processes?
By using the performance of brain-damaged patients or non-invasive measures.
17 of 22
How does the homophone effect affect low frequency words?
Low frequency words produce more of a homophone effect than high frequency words.
18 of 22
What conditions cause phonological mediation to contribute to semantic decision?
If there is not strong orthography/ semantic link.
19 of 22
What is surface dyslexia?
Average reading of regular and non-words, impaired reading of exception words, tendency to regularise.
20 of 22
What is phonological dyslexia?
Average reading of higher frequency words (both regular and exception words), impaired reading of non-words/ unfamiliar words.
21 of 22
What is deep dyslexia?
Impaired access to pronunciation for all words and semantic approximations.
22 of 22

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is the process of lexical access in reading?

Back

Identify letters and represent their sequence ---> Identify words and retrieve ---> Syntactic class/ word meaning.

Card 3

Front

What is the process of extra-linguistic context and knowledge?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What are artificial lab tasks?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is the word superiority effect?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

Comments

No comments have yet been made

Similar Psychology resources:

See all Psychology resources »See all PSY1207 resources »