Introduction to Animal Behaviour

?
As hunters, when did interest in behaviour originate and why?
35,000 years ago, as prey
1 of 49
As farmers, when did interest in behaviour originate and why?
10,000 years ago, to tame for domestic use
2 of 49
Who was interested in the 'gap' theory of animal behaviour?
Greeks, St Thomas Aquinas (C13) Renes Descartes (C17) to the Present Day.
3 of 49
Who was interested in the 'continuity' theory of animal behaviour?
Aristotle (BC) David Hume (C18) Charles Darwin (C19) Present Day
4 of 49
What is flora?
plant life
5 of 49
What is fauna?
animal life
6 of 49
When did natural history first gain stature/recognition as a subject?
Early C17
7 of 49
When did natural history flourish, but still lack what?
C17-19 ; still lacked conceptual framework
8 of 49
What three books did Charles Darwin write?
Origin of Species, Descent of Man, Expression of Emotion in Man & Animals
9 of 49
Expression of emotion in man and animals considered what?
that we do not only have language as a form of communication but also as a form of non verbal communication
10 of 49
Evolutionary theory provides a strong case for what: gap or continuity?
Continuity
11 of 49
What is a Darwinian Puzzle?
A species characteristic that does not relate to reproductive fitness
12 of 49
Evolutionary theory essential for development of animal behaviour as what?
A true science
13 of 49
Prior to Darwin, evolutionary theory had also been considered by whom?
Aristotle (Scala Naturae) and Lamarck (Acquired Characteristics)
14 of 49
What did Scala Naturae Conceptualise?
The natural scale of evolution from simple creature to more complex organism
15 of 49
What did Lamarck's Acquired Characteristics Conceptualise?
New traits and skills developed through the course of a lifetime but can be passed on biologically
16 of 49
What is Epigenetics?
The concept that genes can be turned on/off by environmental influences
17 of 49
What did Darwin contribute to the already considered evolutionary theory?
He provided a causal mechanism to account for the change: 'why'?
18 of 49
Prior to settling on studying Theology at Cambridge, Darwin studied what, where?
Medicine at Edinburgh University
19 of 49
Who did Darwin study Geology under at Cambridge?
Adam Sedgwick
20 of 49
Who did Darwin study Botany under at Cambridge?
John Henslow
21 of 49
What was Darwin recruited upon the HMS Beagle as?
Captain's Companion, but self appointed as Ship's Naturalist
22 of 49
How long was the Voyage of the HMS Beagle?
5 Years
23 of 49
What book did Darwin read upon the HMS beagle, and what did this lead him to realise?
Lyell's Principles of Geology, outlined evidence that the earth was much older than previously believed
24 of 49
How many lines of evidence did Darwin Consider?
Five: Homologies, Fossil record, Embryological, Vestigial & Animal Distribution Patterns
25 of 49
What are homologies?
traits shared by two species, suspected to be as a result of common descent
26 of 49
What are Vestigial Organs?
Organs that prove no use in modern day but may have done in evolutionary history
27 of 49
What species did Darwin observe in the Galapagos?
Mockingbird, finch and tortoise: noted small differences in species between islands
28 of 49
What is adaptive radiation and when did darwin found it?
1844: variations of species that colonise, with differences in diets and available ecological opportunities causing further adaptive radiation
29 of 49
What kind of characteristics does Adaptive radiation promote?
successful characteristics
30 of 49
Why did it take so long for Darwin to publish the Origin of Species?
Fear of religious confrontation
31 of 49
When did Darwin receive his letter from Alfred Russell Wallace?
1858
32 of 49
Populations tend to remain stable, which implies that...
There is competition for access to scarce resources
33 of 49
Darwin's ideas were developed devoid of any consideration of what?
Genetics (biological mechanisms)
34 of 49
What is Neo-Darwinism?
The Marriage of Darwinism & Genetics
35 of 49
Whose work was instrumental in the development of Neo- Darwinism, and how long after Darwin's death did it come about?
Gregor Mendel: outside of Czechoslovakia, around 28 years after Darwin's death
36 of 49
Neo Darwinism is also known as what?
Modern Synthesis
37 of 49
What are Alleles?
different variations of one Gene
38 of 49
The study of Animal Behaviour in the 21st Century is all derived from What?
Darwin's continuity argument
39 of 49
Animal Psychology places particular emphasis on what?
Learning via experience
40 of 49
Ethology gains its knowledge from what practises?
Field based/natural settings, detailed observation and description and emphasis on inherited behaviour patterns
41 of 49
Ethology places particular emphasis on what?
Inherited behaviour patterns
42 of 49
What is the most recent area of animal research?
Socio-biology (1970's)
43 of 49
What kind of AB studies are theory driven, with hypothesis testing in the field?
Socio-biology
44 of 49
Socio-biology places particular emphasis on what?
Evolution of Social Behaviour
45 of 49
The concept that birds sing in spring because they have learned it from their parents takes the view of which branch of animal behaviour studies?
Psychology (how) : development
46 of 49
Psychology comprises of what questions regarding AB?
How (causation & development)
47 of 49
Ethology comprises of what questions regarding AB?
Why (Function & Evolution)
48 of 49
Behaviour is the product of complex interactions between...
genes and environment
49 of 49

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

As farmers, when did interest in behaviour originate and why?

Back

10,000 years ago, to tame for domestic use

Card 3

Front

Who was interested in the 'gap' theory of animal behaviour?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Who was interested in the 'continuity' theory of animal behaviour?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is flora?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

Comments

No comments have yet been made

Similar Psychology resources:

See all Psychology resources »See all Psychology resources »