The study of the biological and physiological effects of drugs
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Whats a Dose-Response Relationship?
The larger the dose, the bigger the response - so it also determines the min and max amount of the drug we can give
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What are receptors?
They are receptive to bodies normal chems ie hormones, they are found on membranes or inside cells, by activating receptors we cause a change in the cell
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What happens when drugs bind onto receptors?
It will mimic or block the action of the bodies regulatory molecules and increase or decrease the activity of the cell thats normally controlled by that receptor
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What are Angonists?
Drugs that mimic the molecules produced by the body and so activate receptors - Have high affinity (for receptors) and high Intrinsic activity (ability to activate receptors)
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What are Antagonists?
Drugs that block receptors from receiving endogenous molecules from the body activating receptors. - Have affinity but no Intrinsic Activity (bind to receptors but x do anything, just block them)
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What are Non-Competitive Antagonists?
They bind irreversibly to receptors, they reduce the max response that an AGONIST can get (because theres less receptors because its blocking them) Impacts not permanent
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What are Competitive Antagonists?
They bind reversably, compete with AGONISTS for binding sites
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What are the 4 Primary Receptor Families?
1. Cell Membrane Embedded Enzymes, 2. Ligand Gated Ion Channels, 3. G Protein Coupled Receptors Systems , 4. Transcription Factors
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What do Cell Membrane Embedded Enzymes do?
The enzyme is regulated by an endogenous molecule and when it attaches it activates the molecule and converts it to something else
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What do Ligand Gated Ion Channels do?
They are regulated by an endogenous molecule that either stimulates, suppresses or blocks
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What do G Protein Coupled Receptors do?
Activates the conversion of substances
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What do Transcription Factors do?
determines the amount of protein production so effects DNA
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What does the Affinity of a drug mean?
The strength of its attraction to receptors in the body
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What is Intrinsic Ability?
Ability of the drug to activate a receptor upon binding
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What is drug Efficacy?
The max response that a drug can provide
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What is drug Potency?
An indicator of how much drug must be administered to reach the desired response - Less Affinity = Less Potent
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What is Down Regulation?
When receptors are continually activated they reduce the amount of receptors on their surface so to compensate you may need more of the drug to get the same response
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What is Up Regulation?
When more receptors are produced and becomes more sensitive to the drug
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What is the ED50?
A dose of the drug that gets an appropriate response from 50% of patients. Indicates the start point for dosage. Can increase dose if no response and vice versa
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Whats a Dose-Response Relationship?
Back
The larger the dose, the bigger the response - so it also determines the min and max amount of the drug we can give
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