International Relations in 1930s

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Manchurian Crisis - Why?
Failure. Japan hit badly by Wall Street Crash. Military Expansion to become stronger. Japan knew LoN was weak; would't stop them.
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Manchurian Crisis - What LoN did
Produced Lytton Report, one year after invasion. Ordered Japan to return Manchuria to Chinese. Couldn't do much else without USA
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Manchurian Crisis - Result
Feb 1933, instead of withdrawing, Japan threatened to attack other parts of China. Necessary in self defence. J left League in 1933
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Manchurian Crisis - What happened?
Controlled South Manchurian Railway. Problem in Manchuria - excuse to send troops to overrun Manchuria. Controlled Railway - claimed Chinese had sabotaged railway. China appealed to League
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Manchurian Crisis - Why league did nothing
B + F worried J would attack parts of Empire in Asia. Didn't want to risk trade w/ Japan. B+F believed J was justified. Other side of world - not prepared to send army. B+F too weak.
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Manchurian Crisis - Why League failed
never had army to stop aggression. Failure to impose economic sanctions. (Vested interests of B+F). Took too long to produce Lytton Report
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World Disarmament Conference
1932-34. Failure. Aim for all countries to disarm. No country wanted to be first to disarm. No country serious about disarming. Hitler came to power and re-armed
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Policy of Appeasement - Why adopted by B + F
Importance of Empire. Britain needed time to rearm. Lack of support from USA. Sympathy - B felt ToV too harsh - German demands reasonable
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Failed Anschluss
1934. Wanted to unite german speaking peoples. Mussolini agreement to protect Austria - moved troops to border. Hitler not strong enough
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Re-Occupation of the Rhineland
1936. Moved troops into de-militarised Rhineland. Encouraged more. Hitler claimed because F signed treaty w/ Russia. League distracted by Abyssinia.
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Re-Occupation of the Rhineland - why B+F did nothing
Appeasement. B thought reasonable. F had elections and didn't want war. Overestimated size of German Forces.
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Anschluss
1938. Unification of G and A - "Greater Germany". Big gain of resources. How? - Nazis in Austria stirred up trouble. Pressurised Schuschnigg to hold a vote. Sent troops to ensure result. Britain did nothing - actively supported it.
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Sudetenland Crisis
1938. Hitler wanted western edge of Cz - valuable industry and Germans living there. Cz in support of GB, F, USSR. September meetings between Chamberlain and Hitler. Hitler demands more.
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Sudetenland Crisis - Result
Hitler marched into Sudetenland. People believed war inevitable. Britain accelerates rearmament
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Munich Agreement
Sept 1938. Chamberlain gave Hitler what he wanted. USSR and CZ not present. Indicated to stalin that others didn't care about Hitler moving East (towards Russia). Left rest of CZ defenceless.
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Rome Berlin Axis
Signed Nov 1936. Mussolini joined Hitler (angry at B + F about Abyssinia). Left Austria vulnerable to Anschluss. Paved way for joint action in Spanish Civil War (1937)
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Anti-Comintern Pact
1936. G, I, J sign to prevent spread of communism. Aimed at USSR. Called the Axis and alliance.
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Causes of WWII
Hitler's ideas, Hitler's actions, Appeasement, Nazi - Soviet Pact
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Nazi-Soviet Pact
Aug 1939. USSR and Hitler. Buy Russia time to rearm and ready for war. Agreed not to attack each other. Both secretly planned to divide Poland. Hitler and USSR never intended to keep the pact.
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Invasion of Czechoslovakia
Mar 1939. Invaded rise of CZ. Hitler seen as a liar who didn't care about B+F. View that Hitler had to be stopped.
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Invasion of Poland warning
B+F. If Hitler invaded Poland there would be war.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Produced Lytton Report, one year after invasion. Ordered Japan to return Manchuria to Chinese. Couldn't do much else without USA

Back

Manchurian Crisis - What LoN did

Card 3

Front

Feb 1933, instead of withdrawing, Japan threatened to attack other parts of China. Necessary in self defence. J left League in 1933

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

Controlled South Manchurian Railway. Problem in Manchuria - excuse to send troops to overrun Manchuria. Controlled Railway - claimed Chinese had sabotaged railway. China appealed to League

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

B + F worried J would attack parts of Empire in Asia. Didn't want to risk trade w/ Japan. B+F believed J was justified. Other side of world - not prepared to send army. B+F too weak.

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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