Internal energy and heat

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  • Created by: feyikemi5
  • Created on: 13-12-17 20:14
What determines the temperature of particles
Kinetic energy and the speed of movement of the particles
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Why do substances expand and what is the difference with gases
Rise in temperature causes molecules to move more so they take up more space and gases can’t expand so instead pressure rises in the container
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Why do substances contract and what is the difference with gases
Drop in temperature causes molecules to move less so they take up less space and gases don’t contract so pressure in their container falls
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What factors determine how much heat an object can absorb
Size, shape and material it is made of
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What is heat transfer
Transfer of heat from a substance of higher temperature to substances of lower temperature until equilibrium is reached
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What are three processes by which heat Is transferred
Conduction, convection and radiation
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What happens in conduction
Energy is applied to solid particles so there are more collisions between particles causing the vibration energy to be passed from one molecule to another. This causes a heat gradient to form where heat flows from higher temp areas to lower temp
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What happens in convection
Hot liquids/gases rise away from the heat sources taking heat with it so heat is transferred to cold liquid/gas causing it to cool and fall. A convection current is set up where heat is circulated.
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What happens in radiation
In a vacuum, when molecules/atoms vibrate they emit electromagnetic waves (infrared) which transport energy across the vacuum
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Why do substances expand and what is the difference with gases

Back

Rise in temperature causes molecules to move more so they take up more space and gases can’t expand so instead pressure rises in the container

Card 3

Front

Why do substances contract and what is the difference with gases

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What factors determine how much heat an object can absorb

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is heat transfer

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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