Interactionism + labelling

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Explain what is meant by 'deviance is in the eye of the beholder'.
It is not the nature of an act that makes it deviant, but the nature of society's reaction to the act.
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True/false? Secondary deviance refers to less important acts of deviance.
False- this refers to deviance that is labelled as going against societal norms + values. This may lead to public shaming and stigmatisation of an individual which can lead to the master status of being a criminal.
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Identify 3 agencies of social control.
The police, the courts, public opinion.
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What is meant by the 'dark figure' of crime?
The dark figure of crime refers to all instances where crime goes unreported/unrecorded and so is not included in the official statistics.
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Lemert argues that 'social control leads to deviance'. What does he mean?
This refers to deviancy amplification leading to more marginalisation of perpetrators meaning tat they adopt more deviant behavior as a reaction to being labelled as 'outsiders'. Furthermore by increasing social control it means that more crime becomes vi
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What is a self-fulfilling prophecy?
A self-fulfilling prophecy is when an individual embodies the label of being a deviant, acting upon it and continuing acts of deviancy.
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What is meant by a 'total institution'?
Goffman defines this as institutions such as prisons and asylums which cut individuals off from the rest of society and ***** them of their previous identity e.g. in a prison a person is no longer themselves but an 'inmate'
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According to Marxists, what does labelling theory fail to tell us about power?
It fails to analyse the source of power that creates deviance. e.g it focuses on institutions such as the police rather than the capitalist ruling class who determine what is deviant in the first place.
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Why do critics accuse labelling theory of being deterministic?
It implies that once someone is labelled a deviant career is inevitable which is not always the case as individuals may choose to reject labels given to them.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

True/false? Secondary deviance refers to less important acts of deviance.

Back

False- this refers to deviance that is labelled as going against societal norms + values. This may lead to public shaming and stigmatisation of an individual which can lead to the master status of being a criminal.

Card 3

Front

Identify 3 agencies of social control.

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is meant by the 'dark figure' of crime?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Lemert argues that 'social control leads to deviance'. What does he mean?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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