Interactionism and Labelling Theory

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What is the social construction of crime (Becker)?
Social groups create deviance by creating rules and applying them to those who are 'outsiders'
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What did Piliavin and Briar's study find?
Police decisions to make arrests were based on their stereotypical ideas about ethnicity, class and gender (physical cues)
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What is a typification?
Stereotypes about individuals which makes them more likely to be stopped, arrested and charged
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What did Cicourel find in his negotiation of justice?
w/c juveniles are more likely to be arrested and those from broken homes are more likely to be charged. m/c juveniles have parents who can neogitate with the social agencies on their behalf
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Why does Cicourel argue we should use OCS as a topic rather than a resource?
We should investigate the process by which OCS are constructed
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What is the dark figure of crime?
The difference between official statistics and the 'real' rate of crime
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What is primary deviance (Lemert)?
Acts that have not been publicly labelled and those who commit them do not see themselves as deviant
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What is secondary deviance (Lemert)?
Social interaction stigmatises and excludes an individual and the label becomes their masterstatus
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What does Young argue?
Police persecution of hippies as junkies led to them to retreat into closed groups, developing a deviant subculture where drug use became a central activity
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What is the deviance amplification spiral (Cohen)?
Media exaggeration of mods and rockers began a moral panic. Moral entrepreneurs called for a crackdown and police responded with more arrests. The mods/rockers were labelled as 'folk devils' which marginalised them further, resulting in more deviance
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What does Douglas argue?
To understand suicide, we must discover its meanings for the deceased by using qualitative methods
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What did Atkinson find?
Ideas about a 'typical' suicide affected coroner's verdicts.Certain modes of death, location and circumstances were typical of suicides
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How does Lemert show socially awkward individuals may be labelled and excluded from groups?
The individuals negative response gives the group reason to fear for his mental health and this may lead to the medical label of paranoia. The label 'mental patient' then becomes his master status
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According to Goffman, what are the possible effects of being admitted to a social institution?
Patients undergo a mortification of the self in which their old identity is killed off and replaced by a new one, 'inmate'. This is achieved by degradation rituals
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How can the labelling approach be criticised?
It is too deterministic and assumes offenders are passive victims
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What did Piliavin and Briar's study find?

Back

Police decisions to make arrests were based on their stereotypical ideas about ethnicity, class and gender (physical cues)

Card 3

Front

What is a typification?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What did Cicourel find in his negotiation of justice?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Why does Cicourel argue we should use OCS as a topic rather than a resource?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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