Information and Inheritance-Transcription

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  • Created by: jessica
  • Created on: 11-02-13 20:04
What are the transcription components?
Template-dsDNA or **DNA with a promoter sequence (**=single strand, ds=double strand), Activated precursors-rNTPs, Mg 2+, RNA polymerase
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What are promoter sites?
multi-partite signals on the DNA which direct RNA polymerase to the start of transcription and also govern transcription initiation frequency.
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What do Rifamycin and actinomycin D do?
block bacterial transcription
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When does termination of transcription occur?
When there are no phosphodiester bonds, RNA-DNA hybrid dissociates, the melted DNA rewinds and the core enzyme is released.
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What two methods of termination does E.coli use?
A stop signal is created by a RNA hairpin or Rho dependent termination.
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What are eukaryotic RNA polymerases?
Are large multisubunit enzymes conserved in evolution. There is one for each class of RNA.
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What are the classes of RNA polymerases called?
Pol 1 for rRNA -Very insensitive to α-amanitin. Pol 2 for mRNAs, snRNAs, miRNAs - Very sensitive to α-amanitin, Pol 3 for tRNA, 5S rRNA, 7S rRNA, snRNAU6, other sRNAs-Relatively insensitive to α-amanitin
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What are repressors?
proteins that bind to operator sequences that are overlapping or lying adjacent to promoters.
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What does polymerase 2 transcription create?
mRNA, miRNA and snRNAs.
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What is TFIH?
a helicase that opens up the double helix and is able to phosphorylate the CTD of Pol II, which is ready for transcription.
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What is TBP?
a monomeric protein that binds to the TATA box, creating a bend in the DNA, exposing the TATA box to other transcription factors.
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How are the 5' ends of mRNAs formed?
by adding guanine to the encoded 5’ end of the transcript, the added guanine is methylated at its N7 position
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What does splicing of introns involve?
2 trans esterifications.
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What are the two types of self splicing introns called?
type 1 and type 2
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Where are TATA boxes found?
Is a conserved sequence found 26-31bp upstream of the transcription start site.
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What are initiator sequences?
Is similar to the TATA box.Normally has a cytosine at the -1 position and an adenine residue at the transcription start site.
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Card 2

Front

What are promoter sites?

Back

multi-partite signals on the DNA which direct RNA polymerase to the start of transcription and also govern transcription initiation frequency.

Card 3

Front

What do Rifamycin and actinomycin D do?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

When does termination of transcription occur?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What two methods of termination does E.coli use?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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