Information Approach to Problem Solving

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Created by: L.eve
Created on: 21-12-20 13:26

Who created the General Problem Solver (computer program)?

Newell & Simon, 1960s/70s

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What states do we have to go through when problem solving?

A: Goal state (where we want to end up)
B: Start state (what we have to do)
C: Identifying rules to get to our goal

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What are the 2 strategies we use to reduce the states we go through?

Algorithm - specific solution procedure, complex, guaranteed to lead to right answer, will take a very long time.
Heuristic - sensible approach, works under some circumstances, not guaranteed to yield the correct answer as it's an educated guess.

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How can well-defined problems be solved?

Using a 'check every step' algorithm

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How do you solve more complex problems?

Using 'problem reduction' - create sub-goals that will reduce the difference between our current state & goal state, then select an operator to solve it.

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Describe the Hobbits & Orcs problem

Thomas (1974) found you have to implement an anti-looping heuristic (counterintuitive)

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Evaluate the heuristic approach

Very specified & testable, shown how we may represent problems, allows us to re-interpret previous research, but focuses on well-defined puzzles (low ecological validity), goes against other theories.

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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What states do we have to go through when problem solving?

Back

A: Goal state (where we want to end up)
B: Start state (what we have to do)
C: Identifying rules to get to our goal

Card 3

Front

What are the 2 strategies we use to reduce the states we go through?

Back

Card 4

Front

How can well-defined problems be solved?

Back

Card 5

Front

How do you solve more complex problems?

Back

View more cards

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Information Approach to Problem Solving