Infectious Diseases

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  • Created by: IJM22
  • Created on: 19-02-19 16:09
Give an example of a communicable disease?
Bacteria or viruses
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Give an example of a communicable disease?
Coronary heart disease
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What is state?
State of physical and mental well-being
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What is tuberculosis disease?
A communicable disease
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People with defective immune systems are much likely to what?
Infectious diseases
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What is HPV?
Human papillioma virus
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What does HPV cause?
Cervical cancer
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How are cervical cancers caused?
Caused by the human papillioma virus which infects the cells of the cervix
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What are pathogens?
Mircorgansims which cause infectious diseases
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State a key factor about viruses?
They cannot be killed by antibiotics
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What are the symptoms for measles?
Fever and sometimes the pateint develops a red skin rash
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How are measles spread?
By droplets which are known as influenza when someone coughs or sneezes and then passes into a different person when these droplets are inhaled
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What else can happen if someone has measles?
It can cause damage to the breathing system and the brain
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What happens in HIV?
The virus is attacking the cells of the patient's immune system
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How are measles prevented?
By getting vaccinated when they are very young
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What type of disease is HIV?
A viral disease
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What are the symptoms of HIV?
Flu-like illness
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How can HIV be treated?
By taking antirtroviral drugs which stop the virus from multiplying inside the patient so that it does not damage the patient's immune system
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Give an advantage of antirtroviral drugs?
The patient does not go on to develop AIDS and they can lead a normal life expectancy
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What are the disadvantages of taking antirovrial drugs?
The patient must take these drugs for the rest of their life
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How is HIV spread?
1. By the exchange of fluids between humans 2. By unprotected sexual intercourse 3) When drugs users share infected needles
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Give two examples of communicable diseases?
Salmonella and gonorrhea
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Define pathogen?
A microorganism that causes infectious diseases
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How can Bacteria be killed?
By using antibiotics
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How is salmonella caused?
By ingesting infected food
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What are the symptoms of salmonella?
Fever, vomiting and diarrhoea
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How is salmonella controlled?
All chickens are vaccinated against salmonella which controls the spread of the disease
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What is gonnorrhoea?
A sexually transmitted disease (STD)
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What are the symptoms of salmonella?
Thick yellow/green discharge from the penis or vagina or pain when urinating
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How was Gonorrhoea once treated?
By the antibiotic penicillin
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How do you treat gonorrhoea?
By antibiotic strains of bacteria
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How do you stop the spread of gonorrhoea?
1. Using a condom during sexual intercourse which stops the bacteria from passing from person to person 2. By being tested
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What is the job of the non-specific defense system?
To prevent pathogens from entering the human body
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How does the skin protect us from pathogens?
1. The outer layer of skin consists of dead cells which makes it difficult for pathogens to penetrate 2. The skin produces an oily substance called sebum which can kill bacteria 3.When the skin is damaged, the skin scabs over
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How does the nose protect us from pathogens?
It contains hairs and mucus these can trap pathogens before they enter the breathing system
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How does the lungs protect us from pathogens?
The trachea and bronchi are covered with tiny hairs called cilia - these are covered in mucus which can trap pathogens
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What does the immune system do?
Destroys pathogens and any toxins they produce
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How does the immune system protect us?
Incase the same type of pathogen invades us again in the future
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What are antibodies?
Protein molecules produced by white blood cells
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How do antitoxins prevent toxin molecules from damaging the immune system
They stick to toxin molecules and prevent them from damaging cells
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What does TMV stand for?
Tobacco Mosaic Virus
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What is TMV?
A widespread plant infection which infects a number of different plant species including tomatoes
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What does tobacco mosaic virus do?
Causes the leaves to discolour in a mosaic pattern as a result of this, the rate of photosynthesis is reduced which means that the growth of the plant is also reduced
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How is Rose black spot caused?
By a fungus which then causes the leaves to develop purple or black spots
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What does Rose Black Spot cause?
The rate of photosynthesis to fall which reduces the rate of growth
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How can Rose black spot fungus be spread?
By water or by wind
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How can we treat Rose black spot?
1. Spraying the plants with chemicals which kill fungi (fungicides) 2. Remove the infected leaves and destroy them
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What do vaccinations involve?
Introducing small quantities of dead or inactive forms of a pathogen into the body
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Give an example of a communicable disease?

Back

Coronary heart disease

Card 3

Front

What is state?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is tuberculosis disease?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

People with defective immune systems are much likely to what?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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