Infection and Responce 0.0 / 5 ? BiologyMicrobes and diseaseGCSEAQA Created by: 3mily05Created on: 15-02-20 17:27 Key Definitions: ... 1 of 23 Communicable (infectious) disease A disease which can be spread from one person, animal or object to another. 2 of 23 Pathogen Micro-organisms that cause infectious disease. (eg bacteria, protists, fungi and viruses). 3 of 23 Modes of pathogen transmission Direct contact, water and air 4 of 23 Bacteria Prokaryotic cells. Some can cause disease by releasing toxins that damage cells 5 of 23 Protists Eukaryotic cells. Some can cause disease. 6 of 23 Fungi Class of organisms that includes mushrooms. Some can cause disease. 7 of 23 Virus Smallest organism. They reproduce inside host cells damaging them and causing disease. 8 of 23 Antibiotics A group of chemicals which can kill bacteria (eg penicillin). 9 of 23 Antiviral drugs A group of chemical which can prevent viruses reproducing. Hard to develop safe ones. 10 of 23 Fungicides A group of chemicals which kill fungi. 11 of 23 Painkillers A type of drug that treats pain symptoms but does not kill pathogens. 12 of 23 Vaccine Contains a small quantity of a dead or inactive pathogen. 13 of 23 Non-Specific Defence Systems: ... 14 of 23 Skin Physical barrier 15 of 23 Nose Hairs trap pathogens 16 of 23 Trachea and bronchi Mucus traps pathogens 17 of 23 Stomach Acid destroys pathogens 18 of 23 Phagocytosis Ingesting (take in) pathogens digesting and destroying them 19 of 23 Specific Defence Systems: ... 20 of 23 Lymphocyte A white blood cell which produces antibodies against antigens. 21 of 23 Antibodies Antibodies have a complementary shape to antigens on pathogens. Antibodies attach to antigens and destroy them. 22 of 23 Antitoxins Counteract toxins. 23 of 23
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