INF03 Key Terms

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Just in Time
(JIT) Uses a computer system to ensure raw process and stock levels are kept to a minimum
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Electronic Data Interchange
(EDI) Enters data in agreed formats between computer applications in different organisations.
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Bankers Automated Clearing Systems
(BACS) is a method of processing financial transactions electronically.
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Critical Success Factors
(CFS) The essential areas of activity that must be performed well if the goals of an organisation or project are going to be achieved.
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Payroll
The administration of wages and salaries.
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Human Resource
(HR) The department that deals with the management of people who work for the organisation.
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Data Portability
The ability to transfer data between software packages or systems.
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Data Transferability
The ability to import data from an old ICT system to a new one when the new one is being installed.
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Back Office System
The ICT system that runs the internal operations of an organisation and are not accessible or visible by the general public.
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Transaction Processing System
Carry out the day-to-day activities of most organisations at operation level.
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Workflow Management System
Software that helps organisations analyse and manage their business processes by using a computer model to represent the logic of the workflow.
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Metadata
Data about data, it provides information about the content of documents using key words.
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Management Information System
(MIS) Takes data from internal and external sources and processes it to provide information that can be used by managers at different levels to aid effective decision making.
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Decision Support System
Computer-based systems that analyse data to provide information to help managers make decisions.
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Enterprise Systems
Those that serve the enterprise as a whole rather than any individual department.
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Data Mining
The extraction of previously unknown and potentially useful information from data.
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Data Warehouse
A storage facility for large quantities of data.
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E-Commerce System
Designed to support the buying and selling of goods and services, usually over the WWW.
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Strategy
A long term plan for achieving a goal.
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Policy
A statement which defines the organisation's position on a particular issue and may determine decisions, actions and other matters.
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Offshoring
The transfer of an organisational function to another country, regardless of whether the work is outsourced or stays within the same coportation.
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Protocol
A standard set of rules.
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Open System Interconnection
(OSI) A set of protocols allowing computers of different origins to be linked together.
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Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
(TCP/IP) A set of working practices that allow internet users and providers a way to communicate with each other no matter what type of equipment they are using.
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Hypertext Transfer Protocol
(HTTP) The set of rules used on the WWW for communication between sites.
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HTTPS
A secure version of HTTP.
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File Transfer Protocol
(FTP) The set of rules that govern hardware and software settings when transferring files over the internet.
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Contract of Employment
The legal agreement between an employer and an employee.
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Disciplinary Procedure
Lay down the penalties for breaking the company's policy.
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Security of Data
Involves making sure than organisation's data is correct, and kept confidential (safe).
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Privacy of Data
Involves ensuring that data is not seen or accessible by anyone who isn't authorised to see it.
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Deliverables
Documents or systems that must be produced during the various stages of the systems life cycle.
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Approval to Proceed
A signed agreement from the client that they are happy for the next stage of the cycle to commence.
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Data Composition Diagram
A diagram that represents the processes within a system.
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Data Flow Diagram
A diagram that shows how data moves through a system, showing where the data comes from, what processes it passes through and where it goes to within the organisation.
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System Flow Chart
A diagram used to define the flow of data through a system.
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White Box Testing
Checks the details of the processing code and algorithms.
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Black Box Testing
Checks that a given input procedures the correct output, rather than the details of the processing involved.
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Debugging
The process of testing program code to isolate and remove errors.
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Corrective Maintenance
Involves putting right any errors that remain in the system after testing.
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Adaptive Maintenance
Involves making alterations to respond to changes in the organisation or external changes such as a new security risk.
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Perfective Maintenance
Involves improving the software to enhance the performance of the system.
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Relationship
Describes the link between two entities.
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Attribute
Describes an individual data item within the entity.
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Entity
In databases, the entities are the things that have data stored in them.
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Platform
A combination of hardware and software, the particular orating systems that allows applications to run.
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Text Case
A set of test data and its expected outcomes.
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Disaster Recovery Strategy
Makes plans to avoid data loss and reinstate working system within an acceptable period of time.
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Risk Analysis
Used to identify each element of a successful information system and to place a value to the business on that element. It then identifies any potential threats to that element, predicting the likelihood of that threat occurring + degree of severity.
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Recovery Time Objective
The length of time that it will take to get a system fully operating after a crisis.
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Data Recovery Point
The last point at which data can be recovered.
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Failover System
Used to provide continuous service for mission critical systems such as E-Commerce. If the main system fails, they immediately switch to standby.
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Extranet
A section of the organisation's intranet that is available for external use.
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Induction Training
The training carried out when a new employee joins an organisation.
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Task-Based Training
Training the user to carry out specific routine activities.
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Skill-Based Training
Aims to give the user transferable skills that can be used in a variety of ways to perform a range of functions.
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Natural Language Interface
Allows the user to ask questions in normal words rather than using technical terms.
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Context-Sensitive Help
Gives information based on what the user was doing when they presses the help button.
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Third-Party Manuals
Provided by publishers of the software house that produced the software. They are generally available for popular generic software where there is sufficient market to justify their development cost.
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Outsourcing
The transfer of a function of an organisation to an external company that provides the service.
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Off Shoring
The transfer of an organisational function to another country, regardless of whether the work is outsourced or stays within the same corporation.
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Multi-Sourcing
Involves framework to enable services to be sourced more than one service company.
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On-Demmand
Involved making computer resources available to the client and organisation as and when needed.
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Utility Computing
A computing Service that the customer pays for according to how much they use.
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GPS Technology
Global positioning system technology that tracks the position of objects using satellites.
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Supercomputers
Mainframe computers that are amongst the most powerful computers at any particular time.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

(EDI) Enters data in agreed formats between computer applications in different organisations.

Back

Electronic Data Interchange

Card 3

Front

(BACS) is a method of processing financial transactions electronically.

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

(CFS) The essential areas of activity that must be performed well if the goals of an organisation or project are going to be achieved.

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

The administration of wages and salaries.

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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