In what ways do countries vary in their economic development and quality of life?

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  • Created by: emma why
  • Created on: 31-03-14 14:47
What are the topics within this unit?
Definitions, inequalities, development cable, classifying countries, economic development stairway, income groupings, contrast between LEDC, NIC and MEC
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What is development?
A process of change within countries and their societies. It is seen as involving progress in four main directions: economic prosperity, technology, well-being and social organisation
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what is economic development?
The growth of a country's economy leading to rise in general level of prosperity
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What is inequality or disparity?
Unevenness or difference.
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What is an example of an inequality?
Uneven distribution of wealth results in a basic inequality between rich and poor places and between rich and poor people.
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What is the relationship between economic development and development?
Economic development is only one part of development but is the part that drives the latter.
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What is the development process about?
One of becoming more mature and better organised
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What is a model for development?
The development cable
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What is the core of the development cable?
Economic development - the growth of economy
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What is the economic growth in the development cable usually derived from?
Exploitation of resources and by the application and interaction of capital, technology and enterprise
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What is the outer casing of the development cable made up of?
Many different strands
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What does each outer strand of the development cable represent?
A particular aspect of the development process as a whole
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What is development energy generated in the core by?
Exploitation of resurces
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What can outer strands of development cable be seen as?
Outcomes of development
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What does a cross-section of the development cable show?
State/levels/stage of development
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Are the outer strands an integral part of development?
Yes
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What are the demographic outer strands of the development cable?
Life expectancy, birth/death control, mobility, personal wealth
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What are the political outer strands of the development cable?
Freedom of speech, democratic government
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What are the environmental outer strands of the development cable?
Environmental change, sustainability, conservation
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What are the cultural outer strands of the development cable?
Education, culture, identity
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What are the social outer strands of the development cable?
Social justice, equal opportunities, quality of life and satisfaction
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Is development a multi strand process?
Yes
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Does development comprise more than simply economic development?
Yes
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What provides the 'power' driving progress in all the outer strands of the cable?
Economic development
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What is the most obvious inequality?
Spatial inequalities
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What are examples of spatial inequalities?
Inequalities between global regions, countries, between regions within countries and between and with urban and rural areas
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Can inequality apply to any of the strands in the development cable?
Yes
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What must be remembered about inequalities?
They also exist at a personal level
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What is the First World?
More economically developed countries (MEDCs) with capitalist or free market economies
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Second World
Socialist or communist countries, greatly reduced with break up of Soviet Union and its bloc of East European states
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Third World
Less economically developed countries (LEDCs)
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What is a distinction that can be made betwen countries?
Developed World and Developing World
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After the Brandt REPORT (1980) what are the Developed World and Developing World sometimes referred to?
North and South
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What separates the North and South?
North-South divide
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What is underlying beneath the North-South divide?
Unevenness between countries in levels of economic development
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Do all countries travel up the economic development stairway at the same speed?
No, very different speeds
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Economic Development Stairway - Low income
LDCs and some LEDCs
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Economic Development Stairway - Lower middle income
top half of LEDCs and some RICs
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Economic Development Stairway- Upper middle income
some RICs and most NICs
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Economic Development Stairway - High Income
Some NICs and all MEDCs
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LDC
Least Developed Countries
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What are examples of LDCs?
Ethiopia, Haiti, North Korea
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LEDC
Less economically developed countries
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Examples of LEDCs
Cuba, Morroco
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RIC
Recently industrialising Countries
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Examples of RICs
China, India, Mexico
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NIC
Newly industrialised countries
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Examples of NICs
South Korea, Malaysia, Taiwan
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MEDC
More economically developed countries
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MEDC examples
UK, USA, Australia
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Why can RICs and NICs be categorised together as ICs?
Distinction between them is vague - use IC to show country making transition from LEDC to MEDC
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What is an IC?
Industrialising country
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What are two other commonly recognised country groupings, aside from the steps on the economic development stairway (MEDC etc)?
OPEC members and FCCs
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OPEC members
Organisation of the Petroleum Exporting countries - oil producing and exporting countries, as in the middle east
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FCCs
Former communist countries, such as Russia and other members of the former USSR
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Where is the difficulty with OPEC members and FCCs?
Where to place on the flights of steps?
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What are examples of OPEC members that are seen asLEDCs?
Algeria, Angola, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Nigeria
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What are examples of OPEC members that have wealth justifying inclusion as MEDCs?
Kuwait, Saudi Arabia and United Arab Emirates
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What are FCCs that can be placed among the MEDCs?
Russia, Czech Republic and Hungary
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What are FCCs that lie closer to the ICs or transitional countries than to MEDC status?
Romania and Ukraine
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What are the two widely accepted measures of economic development?
Per capita GDP and per capita GNI
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What is GDP?
Gross domestic product
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What is GNI?
Gross national income
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Which is now used more frequently: GDP or GNI?
GNI
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What is the advantage of using the measure for GNI?
Helps to solve the problem of where to put OPE
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GDP - Gross Domestic Product
Total value of services and goods produced by a country over specified period, usually year. For purposes of international comparison, is expressed in per capita terms
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In 2006 what was the World Bank definition for upper middle income?
US $3596 to US $11115
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In 2006 what was the World Bank definition for high income?
US $11116 or more
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is development?

Back

A process of change within countries and their societies. It is seen as involving progress in four main directions: economic prosperity, technology, well-being and social organisation

Card 3

Front

what is economic development?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is inequality or disparity?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is an example of an inequality?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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