Impact of war on Germany

?
Aug. '39
Decrees establish food rationing system
1 of 40
What was the general mood on the eve of war in '39?
"Reluctant loyalty"
2 of 40
Nov '39
Clothing incl. in rationing scheme after panic buying
3 of 40
How was food rationed during the war?
Manual labourers > sedentary occupations > Jews
4 of 40
How did the occupied countries help with food supplies?
Able to be exploited (e.g Russia imported grain during NS Pact)
5 of 40
June '41
Post-USSR invasion, rations reduced (e.g meat went from 500g p.w to 400g)
6 of 40
How were rural areas affected by shortages?
Farmers could gorw food themselves, but were hit by shortages of food/fuel/replacement tools
7 of 40
What was Blitzkrieg?
Sept '39-June '41; quick military vicotries over European countries.
8 of 40
What was the public mood during and after Blitzkrieg?
Cautiously optimistic; Hitler presented as military genius
9 of 40
June '41
Operation Barbarossa began; Ger. invades USSR
10 of 40
Dec '41
USSR launches counter-attack; Ger. declares war on USA
11 of 40
What was the public mood during the period?
Optimistic due to USSR victory, but fearful of long war.
12 of 40
How was Operation Barbarossa presented in propaganda?
Crusade against Jewish Bolshevism
13 of 40
Jan '42-43
Increased German losses to USSR
14 of 40
What was the public mood during the period?
Public becoming weary, less faith in regime
15 of 40
Feb '43-May '45
"Total War" - entire population/resources put towards war effort
16 of 40
June '44
D-Day Landings in Normandy open up 2nd front in western Europe
17 of 40
April '45
Berlin captured by Soviet forces
18 of 40
8 May '45
Ger. concedes unconditional surrender to Allies
19 of 40
What was the public mood during the period?
Rapidly declining morale; blame shifted onto military commanders`
20 of 40
How did Allied bombing affect morale?
All Ger.'s main industrial/port cities attacked - population generally resillient
21 of 40
How many Germans fled their homes in Jan. '45?
3.5 million
22 of 40
Who helped these people, and what did this lead to?
Local Gauleiters - many left late, leading many to die whilst walking
23 of 40
How were elites affected by the war?
Diverse opinions - some morally opposed to Nazi regime, wanting personal freedom; others patriotic towards regime, but not war actions
24 of 40
3 Sept 39
Wage reductions/ban on overtime bonuses
25 of 40
Oct '39
Wage levels restored, bonuses re-intro
26 of 40
Aug '44
Total ban on holidays; working week increased to 60 hours; overtime payments scrapped
27 of 40
What did these changes lead to?
Increased absenteeism
28 of 40
How could employers combat absenteeism?
Removal of reserved status --> conscription, increased rations for those w/ good attendance
29 of 40
What % of the workforce were women by May '39?
Approx. 37%
30 of 40
How many women had been conscripted by June '40?
250,000 (> expected)
31 of 40
What really happened to the women that had been "conscripted"?
Transferred from production of consumer goods to war work
32 of 40
June '41
Decree issued - all childless female workers receiving family allowance forced to register for work or lose allownace
33 of 40
Jan '43
Decree issued - all women aged 17-45 made to register for work
34 of 40
Nov. '43
Upper age limit rasied to 50
35 of 40
What work did women do in '44?
Operating searchlights
36 of 40
How were members of the Hitler Youth affected by war in '43?
Conscription age reduced to 17
37 of 40
How many girls from the BDF helped w/ harvests during '42?
1.4 million
38 of 40
How many military training camps had been established by Nov '42?
120
39 of 40
What was the Volksturm?
Home guard, intro'd in Sep '44
40 of 40

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What was the general mood on the eve of war in '39?

Back

"Reluctant loyalty"

Card 3

Front

Nov '39

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

How was food rationed during the war?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

How did the occupied countries help with food supplies?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

Comments

No comments have yet been made

Similar History resources:

See all History resources »See all The impact of war, 1939-45 resources »