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6. Which of the following cell sare recognised as being largely responsible for allergies?
- B cells
- Cytotoxic T cells
- Th2 cells
- Plasma Cells
7. Which of the following are changes seen in the asthmatic lung?
- Thickening of the lamina reticularis with collagen
- Thinning of the lamina reticularis
- Thickening of the lamina propria with elastin
- Thickening of the basal lamina with smooth muscle
8. True or false: there is a recognised genetic compnent to allergy?
- True
- Don't Stop Me Now
- False
- Pass
9. What are the main interleukins, secreted from activated Th2 cells, which promote class switch to IgE?
- IL-3 & IL-19
- IL-5 & IL-9
- IL-4 & IL-13
- IL-2 & IL-23
10. Once mast cells are activated, how long does it take for them to release their pre-formed mediators?
- 2-5 minutes
- 0-1 minutes
- 1-2 minutes
- 5-10 minutes
11. How many granules and how much histamine is stored within the average mast cell?
- 1000 granules, 3-4mcg of histamine
- 1000 granules, 3-4pg of histamine
- 100 granules, 3-4pg of histamine
- 100 granules, 3-4mcg of histamine
12. In a normal healthy individual, approximately how much IgE is present comparative to the total amount of immunoglobulin?
13. True or false: due to it's potency, histamine is rapidly metabolized by enzymes?
- Seven Seas of Rhye
- False
- True
- Pass
14. True or false: the incidence of allergy is increasing?
- Bohemian Rhapsody
- True
- Pass
- False
15. What is the role of Dendritic cells?
- To recognise and engulf 'non-self', and to present it in conjunction with MHC II
- To recognise and phagocytose non-self', and to present the products to leukotrienes
- To recognise and engulf 'non-self', and to present it in conjunction with MHC I
- To recognise and phagocytose 'non-self' before it gets further into the body
16. Identify the correct actions of histamine from the list below.
- Secretes proteoglycans and TNF-alpha
- Synthesizes lipid mediators using chymase enzymes
- Increases capillary permability & smooth muscle constriction leads to leukocyte & antibody recruitment into the tissues
- Binds to proteoglycans to release IL-4 & IL-13
17. Which enzyme converts Arachidonic Acid into Prostaglandins?
- LTB-4
- Cyclo-oxygenase
- 5-Lipoxygenase
- 5-Dehydroxykinase
18. Complete the sentence: allergens are typically...
- Glycolipids
- Proteins
- Explosive
- Cool
19. True or flase: stimulation of the immune system by bacteria and viruses has no effect in protecting against developing allergies?
- Another One Bites The Dust
- False
- Pass
- True
20. Which of the following can help to protect against the Th2 phenotype?
- Washing hair at least once a day with shampoo
- Staying away from mud and dirt
- Having older siblings
- Washing at least once a day with soap