Immunology Crohn's Disease (muscoal innate immunity)

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  • Created by: Kavita :)
  • Created on: 09-03-15 15:32
How are bacteria recognised?
TLRs, NOD1 + NOD2 recognise bacteria and their products as they enter the cytosol
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What activates NFkB? Result?
The NFkB pathway is actiavted by TLRs and NOD1+2. The pathway induces epithelial cell to express inflammatory cytokines, chemokines and other mediators. These recruit and activate neutrophils, macrophages + dendritic cells
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What is Crohn's Disease?
A regional enteritis disease caused by the breakdown of homeostatic mechanisms in the gut. Leads to dysregulated TH1 and TH17 responses generating chronic inflammation. NOD2 (loss of function)
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What is the genetic component of suseptibility?
Runs in the family. Frame shift mutation in NOD2 - impaired activation of NFkB pathway. Impared secretion of antibacterial peptides called defensins. Autophagy related protein L1.
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What are the environmental factors associated with Crohn's?
Dietry - positive association with increase consumtion of Omega 6:Omega 3. Smoking
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What are the immunological characteristics?
Impaired cytokine release by macrophages resullts in impaired innate immunity. TH17 cells. Characterised by high levels of TNFα (powerful mediator)
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What are the treatments available?
Corticosteroids, Immunosuppressants, Biologics (monoclonal antibodies)
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How are monocolonal antibodies created?
1) Inject AG into mouse 2) Immune response to antigen 3) Plasma cells secreting antibodies (B cells) 4) Remove plasma cells and fuse with long-lived plasma cells in PEG (increases life span). 4) Become a hybridoma PROBLEM: can only use once!
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What is infliximab?
Monocolonal chimeric anti TNFα antibody. Constant region derived from humans. Prevents TNFα binding to receptor. Eliminate inflammatory T cells to reduce the symptoms of the disease.
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What are the 3 phenotypes of Crohn's Disease?
1) Stricturing diease (narrowing of bowl) 2) Penetrating diease causing abnormal connections of nowl-fistula 3) Inflammatory disease
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What is Certolizumab (Cimzia)?
Monoclonal antibody used for RA + Crohn's. Targets TNFα. The Fab' retains all biological specificity. The pegulation provides extended half life in serum to about 2 weeks.
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What is Natalizumab?
Humanized monoclonal antibody. Targets integrins (cell adhension molecules). Maintains epithelial integrity
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Card 2

Front

What activates NFkB? Result?

Back

The NFkB pathway is actiavted by TLRs and NOD1+2. The pathway induces epithelial cell to express inflammatory cytokines, chemokines and other mediators. These recruit and activate neutrophils, macrophages + dendritic cells

Card 3

Front

What is Crohn's Disease?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is the genetic component of suseptibility?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What are the environmental factors associated with Crohn's?

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