Immunity/Infection

Immunity words and there definitions

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  • Created by: nick
  • Created on: 14-10-13 17:07
Capsid
The protein coat made up of simple repeating protein units (capsomeres) arranged in different ways. Sometimes covered in lipid envelope
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Capsomeres
repeating protein unit making up the capsid
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Pathogen
An microorganism that causes diseases from infection. E.g. virus, bacterium or fungus.
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Envelope
lipid double membrane derived from the host cell and is not always present within the MO
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Receptors
Proteins on the surface of the cell membrane which binds to host cell if a virus
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Antigens
specificly shaped proteins on the surface of the cell membrane which occur on proteins, glycoproteins and carbohydrates.
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APC
Antigen Presenting Cells - A macrophage with a MHC/antigen protein complexs displayed on the surface of the cell
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Immunoglobins
Another name for an antibodies
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B-cells
a lymphocyte produced in the bone marrow, thats role is to produce antibodies.
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T-cells
Another Lymphocyte produced in the bone marrow but matured in the thymus. Role is defined by Killer and Helper.
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T Killer cells
Attack infected body cells by releasing chemicals which cause pores to form within the infected cell, causing lysis of microbes within cell
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T Helper cells
Produces cytokines when its receptors join with APC thus stimulating the cloning of T-cells, and B-cells.
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MHC
Major Histocompatibility Complex. Special proteins that display antigens,by combining with them, on the cell surface membrane.
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B memory cell
Long lived lymphocytes which produced antibodies rapidly when infected by the same antigen.Preventing onset of symptoms as quickly if at all.
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B effector cells
Clones of the B cell which differentiate into plasma cells
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Plasma cells
differentiated b effector cells that produce antibodies to attack antigens on pathogens. Short lived but very productive with 2000antibodies/s
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Humoral Response
Consists of T-helper activation stage and effector stage.
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T memory cells
inactive cells that remain in the body until needed which is when the same antigen is encounted again.
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Clonal Selection
Another process that results in millions of antibodies being produced and clone B memory cells
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Cell mediated Response
Used when virus/bacterium infect a host cell and ther humoral response isnt effective. This causes the bacterium/virus to leak out of cell and get labelled and destoyed.
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Lymphocytes
Agranulocytes which recognise and respond to foreign antigens. They are made in the white bone marrow of the long bones. Moving around the body in the blood and lymph. WBC involved in the immune system.
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Macrophages
Agranulocytes which have left the blood stream and move within the tissues. WBC involved with the immune system. Long lived. Destroy up to 100 microbes per cell.
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Immune system
the specific response to infection wihtin the body from pathogens.
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Neutrophil
White blood cells that ENGULF and DIGEST a small numbers of microbes
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Interferon
Secreted by infected cells which inhibits the replication of viruses.NON-specific immune response
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Inflammation
Non-specific immune response, WBC release histamine--> arterioles dilate, capillaries leak--> increased blood flow to site of infection--> more WBC and plasma leak.
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Lysozyme
NON-specific response- Found in tears/saliva. Break down, by hydrolysis, the bacterial cell walls.
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Phagocytosis
ENGULF & DIGEST function
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

repeating protein unit making up the capsid

Back

Capsomeres

Card 3

Front

An microorganism that causes diseases from infection. E.g. virus, bacterium or fungus.

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

lipid double membrane derived from the host cell and is not always present within the MO

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Proteins on the surface of the cell membrane which binds to host cell if a virus

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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