When the body overwhelms a pathogen, it's defences become better prepared for second infection from the same pathogen before it causes harm.
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What is an antigen?
Any 3D structure of an organism or substance which is recognized as non-self by the immune system and provokes an immune response.
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What is a Lymphocyte?
A type of white blood cell which can take two forms: B lymphocytes and T lymphocytes. Part of a specific response dealing with individual pathogens.
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What is a Phagocyte?
Phagocytes ingest and destroy pathogens by a process called phagocytosis. Part of a non-specific response dealing with all types of pathogen.
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What is an Antibody?
Proteins synthesised by B cells, have a heavy chain and a light chain. React with antigens on the surface of non-self material by binding with them precisely. They are very specific.
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What are T lymphocytes?
Associated with cell-mediated immunity, mature in the thymus gland. Only respond to antigens that are attached to a body cell, that has been altered by a virus/cancer or to transplanted tissues.
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What are B Lymphocytes?
Associated with humoral immunity, matures in bone marrow. They produce antibodies and respond to non-self material outside the cells. Responds to bacteria/viruses.
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What are Plasma Cells?
Produced by B cells undergoing colonal expansion by mitosis. Produce antibodies that exactly fit the antigens on the pathogen's surface. (Primary response)
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What are memory cells?
Produced by B cells undergoing colonal expansion by mitosis. Circulate in the blood and tissue fluid. When they encounter the same pathogen in the future they rapidly divide into more plasma/memory cells. (Secondary response)
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What is an antigen?
Back
Any 3D structure of an organism or substance which is recognized as non-self by the immune system and provokes an immune response.
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