Ideology and Science

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Why does Popper view science as an open belief system?
Science is based on the principle of falsification as scientific knowledge can always be tested and falsified
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What are Merton's CUDOS norms?
Communication (shared knowledge), Universalism (judged by universal, objective criteria), Disinterestedness (seeking knowledge for its own sake), organised scepticism (open to criticism)
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Why does Horton argue believe religion is a closed belief system?
Closed belief systems have 'get out clauses' that prevent it from being disproved
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What are the three devicecs identified by Polanyi belef stystems have to sustain themselves in the face of contradictory evidences?
Circularity, subsidiary explanations and denying legitimacy to rival beliefs
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What are scientific paradigms?
Paradigms tell scientists what reality is like. Scientists are engaged in normal science within the paradigm and those who challenge it are ridiculed, except during periods of scientific revolution
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Why does interpretivist Knorr-Cetina argue scientific knowledge is socially constructed?
What scientisits study in the lab is constructed and removed from the natural world
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What is the Marxist and Feminist view of science?
Science serves the interests of dominant groups
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What is the postmodernist view of science?
Postmodernists reject science's claims of 'the truth'. Science has become a technoscience
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What is the ruling class ideology?
Capitalists exploit worker's labour to produce profit. Revolution cannot occur until the w/c become aware of their reality (class consciousness). Hegemony prevents class consciousness developing by legitimating Capitalism
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What does Gramsci argue?
The w/c will overthrow capitalism, led by a party of class-conscious 'organic intellectuals'
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What do Marxists argue the ideology of nationalism is?
Nationalism is false consciousness that helps to prevent the overthrow of Capitalism
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What do Functionalists argue the ideology of nationalism is?
Nationalism is a secular civil religion that intergrates everybody into a single community
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What does Anderson argue?
A nation is an 'imagined community' but can bind millions of strangers together
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What does Gellner argue?
Nationalism is a key feature of modernity. It uses education to impose a single standard, national culture on every member of society, making communication and economic cooperation between strangers possible
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What is patriarchal ideology?
Gender ineqaulity is legimiated by patriarchal ideology. Religious beliefs and practises often define women as inferior
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Define ideology
A worldview set of ideas and values
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Card 2

Front

What are Merton's CUDOS norms?

Back

Communication (shared knowledge), Universalism (judged by universal, objective criteria), Disinterestedness (seeking knowledge for its own sake), organised scepticism (open to criticism)

Card 3

Front

Why does Horton argue believe religion is a closed belief system?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What are the three devicecs identified by Polanyi belef stystems have to sustain themselves in the face of contradictory evidences?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What are scientific paradigms?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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