ICT aqa shortcourse
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- Created by: Lauren
- Created on: 05-06-13 17:59
Hardware
Physical Components e.g. keyboard,mouse
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Software
Gives hardware a list of instructions to accomplish a task e.g. video game
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Input Devices
allow users to enter data e.g.Keyboard,mouse,magnetic stipe,joystick,sensor,bar-code reader
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Output Devices
Allows the system to transfer/display data
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Difference between software and hardware
Software used hardware for input processing,memory and output
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OCR
Optical Character Reader, software which can be used to interpret text from a handwritten document and export it to a word processor or data file
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OMR
Optical Mark Reader,fast data entry for high volume data, multiple choice exams,national lottery
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ROM
Read Only Memory, memory that cannt be changed through a program or user,retains memory even when computer turned off, stores instructions for the computer to start up
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RAM
Random Access Memory,fast temporary memory in which programs,applications and data are stored
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What is stored in a RAM?
operating system, applications,Graphical user interface (GUI)
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LAN
Local Area Network,homes,connected by wires and cables
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WAN
Wide Area Network,cover a large area ( made of several LANS connected together), satellite/wireless
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Encryption
Method of scrambling data,putting it into a code, can only be read by people who have 'secret key'
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Network Devices
Broadband, dial-up modern, mobile device, email server, file server
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Data
Raw facts of figure no meaning
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Information
Data with meaning/context
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Authentication
when a message or a source are belived to me genuine, user name and password
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Life Cycle
Feasible study, analysis, test plan, implementation, testing, documentation/user,evaluation and maintenance/monitoring
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Feasible Study
interview,questionnaire,observe current procedures
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Analysis
listing desired outcomes and performance criteria
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Test plan
Draw out what new system will look like
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Implementation
concert old system/install new system,aqquire hardware and software
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Testing
Entering test data into the new system-check it works
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Documentation
Produce document to inform user
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Evaluation
review effectiveness of system
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Maintenance
pefect,adapt,improve,maintain
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Validation
range,presence,look-up,digit,length check
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Verification
double entry and visual checks
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Collecting data
data capture form,questionnaire, online form,chip and pin,FFID tags
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Data capture form
info directly entered into a form by person completing it. A-fast and specific D-possible errors when inputting data and poor handwriting correct data
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Questionnaire
User enters info into the format of a laid out questionaire A-accurate answers and if coded answers can be turned into results instantly D-user may misinterpret a question and poor handwriting incorrect data
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Chip and Pin
Chip in one device, and pin acknowledged y device chip is in A-secure,only 4 digits D-chips can be damaged and pins forgotten
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Biometrics
recognize physical attributes or behaviors A-accurate,reliable and portable D- methods intrusive and expensive to implicate
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RFID
Radio frequency ID tags applied to animals/products for identification A-chips are secure D-more expensive than bar codes and vulnerable to damage
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Barcode Scanner
Horizontal lines represent a number that coverts into information for a product A-fast identification and faster D-code can be damaged and stock database mist be kept up to date otherwise barcode obsolete
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Compression techniques
compression covert to a Zip folder also convert file type
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Effectiveness of ICT (benifits)
Time (fast), Convient (portable), Presentation (so many styles e.g. font), versatile (produce document on laptop put on phone), import and export to different software and cost low
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GUI (user interface)
Microsoft Windows ,WIMP Windows,Icons,Menus,Pointers
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Proprietary
software which you need to purchase a license to use (Microsoft office) reliable and professional but expensive and cannot be modified
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Open Source
software where the source code is freely available, firefox, developers can modify code to their need
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Hosted application software
available on internet
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Software features
copy, paste,font,word art,page breaks,cut,crop,wrap,print screen
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Word processor vs DTP
Word processor-text documents DTP-text and graphic publications
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data types
numerical,alphanumeric,Boolean
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Cell types
font formats,style,size,colour,text wrap, merge cell
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SPREADSHEET SOFTWARE FEATURES
CELLS,CELL REFERENCE,ROWS,COLUMNS,SORTING ROWS AND COLUMNS
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DATA CAN BE EXTRACTED FROM A DATABASE TO PRODUCE DIFFERENT TYPES OF REPORTS
mail merge-letter,invoice, membership
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ISP
Internet service provider, broadband, sky
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preventing unauthorized acces
user accounts,authentication,passwords(kept secret), security question, image recognition
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prevention from hacking
fire wall,intrusion device
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Firewall
program or hardware device that filters the information coming through the internet connection
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Health Problems
RSI (repetitive strain injury), wrist problems,back,neck,stress,eye problems and tripping over cables
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soltions
breaks,appropriate lighting, eye tests,wrist rests,adjustable seating,foot stall,
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commercial patterns
automated production lines with fewer workers, more standard products,automated stock control, less high street shops, internet shopping, new'Industries' and GLOBALISATION
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Online hazards
phishing emails,scamming,look a like websites, avoid sending viruses
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methods of hacking
online bank card readers, financial security method
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safeguards
firewalls,encryption,back ups,secure sites
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operating systems
manage computer hardware and support running of applications of software
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Computer misuse Act 1990
Level 1- unauthorized access to computer programs of data Level 2-unauthorized access with intent to damage for malicious purposes Level 3-unauthorized modification of computer data
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computer misuse act involves
deliberate planting of a virus,unauthorized work in work time,copying programs illegally,changing info and computer fraud
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Data protection act 1998
allows individuals to access info held about them and have it deleted/edited
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personal data can be processed if
data subject gives consent or is a legal obligation
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how many principals does it have
eight
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Copyright Law 1988
covers plagiarism,illegal media sharing/file (pirate bay)
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Software
Back
Gives hardware a list of instructions to accomplish a task e.g. video game
Card 3
Front
Input Devices
Back
Card 4
Front
Output Devices
Back
Card 5
Front
Difference between software and hardware
Back
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