ICT

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  • Created by: Cake4Bant
  • Created on: 24-02-15 17:56
Information
Data which has been processed to give a meaning/ context.
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Knowledge
Knowledge is derived from information by applying rules to it.
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How can good quality information add value to an organisation?
Spot Trends, Helps businesses monitor progress, Helps businesses with decision making, Helps businesses with targeting and strategy (resources) to give advantages over competitors.
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Validation
The automatic checking of data entered into a computer system. Checking the data is sensible/ reasonable and legal.
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Examples of validation
Presence checks on specific fields, Range check on date of birth/ amount allowed to be transferred
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Factors of the efficiency of data processing systems
Software, Hardware (RAM, Processors, Graphic Card, -Costs), Proper Backups, Maintenance procedures, Insufficient testing.
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CAM
The use of computers to control the manufacturing process of a CAD package
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CAD
Objects that are designed using a computer and CAM makes the object using a computer-guided machine.
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Advantages of CAD
More accurate than hand drawings, easier and cheaper to modify ideas while designing, sections can be copied and pasted, can be zoomed in for more detailed sections, use hatching/ walkthroughs and no physical prototype so no wastage.
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Disadvantages of CAD
Software itself is quite expensive so initial costs are high, Staff need to be trained.
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Query
When you interrogate/ search the database to find some information.
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Example of a query
To find patients with breathing problems because they may need to be sent flu injection letters
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Report
The output from a database in which the presentation is controlled by the user.
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Example of report
Producing a formatted list of patients who are in need of a screening test.
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Import/ Export
The ability for a piece of software to read and use the data produced from a different piece of software. Transferring data from one piece of software/ application to another.
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Example of import/ export
Mail merging names from a database to the names on a letter on a different piece software.
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The computer misuse act
It was introduced to make it illegal for people to hack into computers by giving out fines of £2000
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The data protection act 1998
Makes companies have to keep personal data private or there will be a heavy fine.
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Copyright act
Making it illegal for copyrighted software/ music and images to be sold on under another name.
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EPOS is an acronym for...
Electronic point of sale
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Step by Step...
1) Barcode is scanned 2)Code is matched 3)Price returned to screen 4)One deducted from stock 5)Reorder level checked 6)Automatic reordering 7)Print licensing bill
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Advantages of EPOS
Less need for security as less need to carry more cash, Less time waiting in queues so happier customers, Allows more special offers - loyalty cards and Allows self scanning
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3 main part of expert system
Knowledge base, Interface engine and User Interface
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Advantages of expert system
Data can be kept up to date e.g. Adding more data about radiology scans. Expert systems are available 24 hours a day. Will never retire, No loss of expertise. Can provide a second opinion.
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Disadvantages of expert system
Costs to buy and setup the system. Some people do not like to talk to a computer. Over reliance on IT systems/ Loss of doctor expertise.Convincing people they are in a worse situation then they are by using the system wrong.
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CAT Scan
Develops a complete 3D model of a patients bones and internal organs.
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MRI Scan
Provides a tremendous amount of detail on tissue information.
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PET Scan
Produces three dimensional image or picture of functional processes in the body.
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Advantages of body scanning
Allows (accurate) diagnosis without surgery needed. Leads to faster recovery. Removes the danger of post operative infections.
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Disadvantages of body scanning
Could have a loss in traditional diagnostic skills. Expensive to purchase. Need expert training. Have to keep still for long periods of time for MRI scans.
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Blood bar coding
Allows the tracking of blood from its donator to its user.
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Bracelet with bar code
Worn by patient, is matched to the bar code on the blood bag/ donor.
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Advantages of both methods
Can track a patient/ donor if bad blood is given. Better stock control of the blood. Ensures patients get the right blood type.
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Disadvantages of both methods
Damaged bar codes can cause delays. No general disadvantages (e.g power cuts)
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Simulation Modelling
The use of a computer software to predict a real-life system.
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Advantages of simulation modelling (Basic)
Not real, Safe and Cheaper.
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Disadvantages of simulation modelling (Basic)
Never 100% accurate, Data errors/ Mistakes in the model and a model can sometimes over simplify situations.
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Absolute addressing
Transferring data from one worksheet into another which creates an internal link between the two links.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Knowledge is derived from information by applying rules to it.

Back

Knowledge

Card 3

Front

Spot Trends, Helps businesses monitor progress, Helps businesses with decision making, Helps businesses with targeting and strategy (resources) to give advantages over competitors.

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

The automatic checking of data entered into a computer system. Checking the data is sensible/ reasonable and legal.

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Presence checks on specific fields, Range check on date of birth/ amount allowed to be transferred

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
View more cards

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