ICT Section 1

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  • Created by: Faolan
  • Created on: 30-03-16 13:08
What is data?
Raw facts and figures with no explicit meaning of their own. Data cannot be understood without context.
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What is information?
Data that has been placed in context and can be understood.
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What is Knowledge?
Means applying an interpreting information to make decisions. It is a set of concepts, rules or procedures that are used to create collect, store or share info
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What are the three stages all ICT devices work on?
Input, process and output
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What is input?
Entering data into the computer. Data that does not have context.
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What is Processing?
Manipulating the data into info in a form understandable to the user.
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What is output?
Presenting they information to the user or the outside world
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What is feedback?
Using the output from a computer to influence the input
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What is Direct Data?
Is data that has been gathered for the exact purpose it is being used for
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What is indirect Data?
it is derived from data originally collected for an entirely different purpose.
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What is a data source?
A data source is the place where data comes from
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What are the qualities of good information?
Accurate/ correctly targeted/ understandable/ complete/ timely/ Relevant/ Up to Date
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What are different methods of presenting info?
Tabulated summary/ Written report/ Graphs charts, diagrams/ slideshow/ computer access/oral presentation
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What are the consequences of data entry errors?
Customers becoming angry and receiving incorrect bills/ wrong decisions made by th managers because the decisions are based on incorrect info.
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How could a company be prosecuted for incorrect data?
Under the data protection act (1984) if the wrong information concerned a person and the consequences were that some loss was caused to that person.
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What is data verification?
A process that involves checking that what is on the input document is identical to what is entered into the computer
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What are different types of data verification?
Dual input, double entry and proofreading
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What is data validation?
the process of detecting any data that is inaccurate, incomplete or unreasonable. Performed by a compute program.
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What are different type of validation?
Presence check/ type check/ length check/ range check/ format check/ table lookup check/ check digit
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What is the check digit?
A check digit is an extra digit added to a number to ensure that, if the number is changed by mistake, the error will be detected
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What is a transcription error?
These errors are caused by misreading or mistyping data. This may be caused by bad handwriting or confusion e.g. the number 5 with the S or 0 with a o
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What is a transposition error?
These errors occur when 2 digits or letter are swapped around. if you are typing in data at high speed you don't always look at the screen and it is very common to end up with '0t' rather than 'to'
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What are the costs are involved with hardware?
The cost of purchasing/leasing computers/ and the cost of consumable/ cost of peripherals
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What is the costs involved with software?
The cost of purchasing application software licenses/ the cost of the operating system
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What are the costs involved with personnel?
Employing/ training someone to develop the application/input data/ run reports e.g. data collectors/ data entry clerks/ analysts system/ managers
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Why are professional bodies needed?
they may act to protect the public by painting and enforcing standards of training and ethics in their profession. They may also acts as a trade union for the members of the profession.
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What are the examples of of professional bodies?
IEEE/ PTT/ ITU/ ISO/ ANSI/ ACM/ BCS
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What is the role of the British computer society (BCS)?
It is the chartered institute for IT. Promotes wider social, economic progress through the advancement of IT science practice. Brings together industry academics, practitioners, gov. ,to share knowledge, promote new thinking and informs the public.
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What are the advantages of BCS
Contact with other It professionals- over 70,000 members in the Uk and worldwide. Delivers a range of professional development tools for practitioners. offers a range of widely of recognised professional development tools for practioners.
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What is PTT (Postal telegraph telephone)
A government agency responsible for postal mail, telegraph and telephone services. Provides training solutions to the telecommunications and ICT sectors based on E Learning.
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What is IEEE (Institute of electrical and electronic engineers)?
It is an international is an international non-profit, professional organisation for the advancement of technology related to electricity. It has the most members of any technical professional organisation in the world, with more than 365,00 members.
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What is ISO (International organisation for standardisation)?
It is a network of standardisation bodies from over 150 countries. it establishes standards which control products and services... such as quality, environmental friendliness, safety and reliability.
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What is ANSI (American National Standards institute)?
Empowers its members to strengthen the US marketplace position in the global economy while helping to assure the safety and health of consumers and the protection of the environment.
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What is the association of computing machinery (ACM)?
Membership of the worlds largest educational and scientific society , specifically of competing professionals. Access to wide range of resources. Access to special interest groups. Contact sixth online forums.
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What is the ITU (International Telecommunications Union)?
The ITU is a world wide organisation. It co-ordinates governments and private organisations. It regulates the use of radio spectrum throughout the world.
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What are the different file formats?
JPEG/ Bitmap/ GIF/ TIFF/ ZIP/PNG
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?What is a JPEG (Joint Picture Expert group)
Method of compressing full colour or grey scale images. It is a lossy method. The amount of compression can be altered. panhandle over 16 million colours.
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What is a Bitmap?
This is a non compression method. A bitmap feel represents pixels in a grid. Each pixel is stored with a particular colour depth. The more bits the greater the resolution,
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What is the GIF (Graphics interchange format)?
A method of of compressing colour or grey scale images. lossless method. it is an 8 bit format
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What is a TIFF (Tag image file format)
This is designed to transport colour or grey scale image. They are large and of very high quality.
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What is zip
The file is compressed before transmission and decompressed upon receipt.
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What is a PNG file (Portable network graphic)
A lossless compression method. Supports millions of colours. Uses progressive rendering. Uses and alpha channel, which enables multiple levels of capacity. Uses gamma correction.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is information?

Back

Data that has been placed in context and can be understood.

Card 3

Front

What is Knowledge?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What are the three stages all ICT devices work on?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is input?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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