ICT INFO2

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What is ICT?
Information and Communications Technology is the use of technology for input, processing, storage, transfer of data and output of information.
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What is a system?
Have the three basic stages of input, processing and output. A system can be paper based or electronic.
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What is an ICT system?
ICT systems are those where the output from the system goes directly to a human being or into another ICT system.
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What are the 6 components of ICT systems?
People, procedures, software, hardware, data, information.
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What are the main hardware components of an ICT system?
Input devices, processors, output devices, ports and cables, storage devices
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What is data?
Data is raw facts and figures that have no meaning.
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What are the types of data?
Text, numbers, still images, moving images, sounds.
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What is encoding?
Used by computers to convert data into machine readable form.
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What is coding?
When data is changed into a shortened version by assigning a code. (E.g. Assigning 'M' for 'Male')
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What are the advantages of coding?
Data takes up less storage space, speeds up data entry.
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What are disadvantages of coding?
Codes may be difficult to remember, coded data may lose accuracy.
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What is processing?
Processing is the work the computer does on the data to convert it into information. (E.g. Calculations, queries)
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What is information?
Information is data that has been processed into something that is meaningful.
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What makes information valuable?
Information needs to be accurate, up to date, complete, from a reliable source and relevant.
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What are the characteristics of users that need to be considered when designing an ICT system?
Experience, physical characteristics, environment of use, task to be undertaken, age.
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What is a Graphical User Interface (GUI)?
Consists of windows, icons, menus and pointers. Uses icons that are familiar to the user.
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What are the advantages of a GUI?
User friendly making it more intuitive for novice users.
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What are the disadvantages of a GUI?
Can be frustrating for experienced users who resent having to go through multiple menus, needs lots of system resources (memory and hard disk space).
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What is a Menu Driven Interface?
An interface where users have a limited number of choices from which they can choose.
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What are the advantages of a Menu Driven Interface?
Easy to use, don't need huge amounts of processing power or memory.
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What are the disadvantages of a Menu Driven Interface?
A poorly designed menu may be slow to use, can be irritating if there are lots of menus to go through.
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What is a Command Line Interface?
An interface that allows the user to interact directly with the computer system by typing in commands.
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What are the advantages of a Command Line Interface?
Doesn't need lots of memory and processing power to run, can be quick to use if the user knows the commands.
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What are the disadvantages of a Command Line Interface?
Commands have to be typed correctly or the command will fail, can be very confusing if the user hasn't learnt commands.
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What are the essential skills for an ICT professional?
Good written communication, good oral communication, problem solving skills, patience, willingness to work flexible hours, teamwork.
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What are the characteristics of an effective ICT team?
Strong team leader, consideration of strengths and weaknesses, appropriate structure, close monitoring of tasks, costs monitored, good balance, good communication skills.
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What is a LAN?
Local Area Network - A network over a small area such as one building.
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What is a MAN?
Metropolitan Area Network - Larger area such as a town or city.
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What is a WAN?
Wide Area Network - Worldwide coverage, biggest example is the internet.
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What are the advantages of networks?
Increased efficiency - Allows people to work more effectively, Sharing of resources - printers and scanners
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What is an intranet?
Only available from within the ICT network and contain things such as calendars, shared documents and internal email.
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What is an extranet?
A part of the intranet available to certain suppliers and customers. Requires a username and password and could be used to view accounts and orders.
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What is the World Wide Web?
A collection of multimedia resources that are accessed via the internet.
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What is the internet?
A large group of interconnected computers around the world.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is a system?

Back

Have the three basic stages of input, processing and output. A system can be paper based or electronic.

Card 3

Front

What is an ICT system?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What are the 6 components of ICT systems?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What are the main hardware components of an ICT system?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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