Humanistic approach

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What does the humanistic approach suggest about human behaviour/development?
Humans have freewill and so are active agents to determine their own development but does consider that effects of external and internal influences
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What is self-actualisation?
Achieving their full potential
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What does Maslows theory emphasise?
His theory emphasises that humans all have uniquely motivational factors, and the highest needs for life were developed through evolution
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What are the 5 stages in Maslows 'pyramid'?
Self-actualisation, Esteem, Love & Belonging, Safety, Physiological
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What is the 1st stage in Maslows 'pyramid'?
Physiological - basically just surviving, e.g breathing
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What is the 2nd stage in Maslows 'pyramid'?
Safety -security in life, e.g secure job or secure property
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What is the 3rd stage in Maslows 'pyramid'?
Love & Belonging - feeling special to others, e.g loved by family or belonging to a group of friends
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What is the 4th stage in Maslows 'pyramid'?
Esteem - feeling positive within yourself, e.g confident
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What is the 5th stage in Maslows 'pyramid'?
Self-actualisation - top of the scale, e.g not judging anyone or having no problems with life
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how does Maslow suggest someone carries out 'personal growth'?
By developing up the pyramid and changing as a person to become fulfilled, satisfied and goal-orientated
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Why does Rogers think that individuals try so hard to achieve their ideal selves?
Because they are motivated towards self-improvement
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Rogers suggests that all humans have a basic need to be nurtured - What is unconditional negative regard?
Love without limits, resulting in a healthy sense of self-worth, recognising both abilities and difficulties
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What does Rogers suggest is the result of an individual not receiving unconditional positive regard?
Receiving a negative regard, such as criticism and blame, results in the individual developing low self-esteem. To avoid this, parents should blame the behaviour not the child
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What is congruence?
Rogers suggests it is when an individual has a healthy sense of wellbeing, by maintaining consistency between their ideal self and their actual behaviour. The greater the gap between ideal self and actual self, the greater the congruence
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What is incongruence?
Low self-worth and maladjustment
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What is client-centred therapy (CCT)?
The client is encouraged to develop positive self-regard and to overcome the mismath between their perceived self, actual self, and ideal self
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How is the humanistic approach considered to have real-life applications?
It has enabled psychologists to explore humans more sensitively than other scientific methods, effectively contributing to the treatment of disorders, such as depression and stress
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How can the humanistic approach be considered too vague?
Terms such as self-actualisation have little to no empirical research carried out, meaning they are untestable concepts
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Card 2

Front

What is self-actualisation?

Back

Achieving their full potential

Card 3

Front

What does Maslows theory emphasise?

Back

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Card 4

Front

What are the 5 stages in Maslows 'pyramid'?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is the 1st stage in Maslows 'pyramid'?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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