Sub-cellular structures of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells

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Nucleus
Contains DNA (genetic information) arranged into chromosomes. It controls the activities of the cell.
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Cell membrane
Encloses the cell and keeps it separate from its environment. It controls how substances enter and leave the cell.
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Mitochondria
The organelle where aerobic respiration – the release of energy from glucose or fat in the presence of oxygen – takes place
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Ribosomes
Where protein synthesis happens
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Cytoplam
Jelly-like substance in which the organelles are held. Many chemical reactions take place in the cytoplasm.
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Chloroplasts
Contains chlorophyll, which absorbs light energy for photosynthesis
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Vacuole
Contains cell sap and provides extra support for the cell. The vacuole can store nutrients and waste products.
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Chromosomal DNA
The chromosomal DNA carries most of the genetic information.
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Plasmid DNA
Plasmid DNA forms small loops and carries extra information
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Flagella
Some bacteria have a flagellum – a whip like tail. This helps the bacteria to move itself along. Plural - flagella
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Describe how sperm cells are adapted to their function
A tail to help it move to find the egg. A large number of mitochondria to supply the energy needed for the movement. The acrosome has digestive enzymes that break down the outer membrane of the egg, so haploid nucleus in the sperm cell to join with
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Encloses the cell and keeps it separate from its environment. It controls how substances enter and leave the cell.

Back

Cell membrane

Card 3

Front

The organelle where aerobic respiration – the release of energy from glucose or fat in the presence of oxygen – takes place

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

Where protein synthesis happens

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Jelly-like substance in which the organelles are held. Many chemical reactions take place in the cytoplasm.

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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