Causality does not rule out freewill. My thoughts and desires may have been determined by prior experiences but I am free regarding how I act on them (you are acting according to your will)
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Soft Determinism (Compatibilism)
If I can carry out my wishes, I am still free, even when my choices are result of prior causes.
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Soft Determinism (Compatibilism)
Accepts behaviour comes from genetic and environmental factors but we are free to refrain or do an action according to our will.
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Soft Determinism (Compatibilism)
Comes under attack from hard determinists and libertarians. HDs claim we do not recognise how far we are determined, Ls claim it neglects how free we are.
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Soft Determinism (Compatibilism) - Locke
"White paper, void of all characteristics, without any ideas, with all the materials of reason and knowledge derived from experience"
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Soft Determinism (Compatibilism) - 'Tablua Rasa'
The mind is a Blank Slate, before ideas are imprinted on it by sensory reactions to external world.
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Sensory data
Determined, our reactions to it are free. What experiences and eternal factors fill your Blank Slate is determined by Nature. Locked Room Analogy.
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Hume
We exist in world governed by Natural Laws.
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Hume
There exists a constant union of objects a constant causal chain which we are part of.
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Hume
Such Predetermined events create Freewill.
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'Interference of the Mind'
How we respond in external situations is our demonstration of Freewill.
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'Interference of the Mind'
This is link between predetermined events and what you decide. Your decision is free and not determined, situation you find yourself in is determined and causally lined.
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'Liberty of Spontaneity'
Spontaneous decision is one that cannot be predetermined and therefore you have Freewill.
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'Liberty of Spontaneity'
It does not mean we have not deliberated and made a choice.
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Hume concludes:
Events are determined, they are not random.
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Hume concludes:
We make calculated decisions.
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Hume concludes:
It is necessary to make a choice.
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Hume - interpretations (Classical and Naturalistic interpretation)
Relies on our logical concepts of Liberty and Necessity.
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Hume - interpretations (Classical and Naturalistic interpretation)
Free and responsible action must be caused by agent themselves otherwise they cannot be held morally responsible. Therefore there is no issue between Freewill and Determinism.
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Hume - interpretations (Classical and Naturalistic Interpretation)
However: 'Free and Responsible' action requires Causal Necessity.
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Hume - interpretations (Classical and Naturalistic Interpretation)
A Priori Observation.
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Naturalistic interpretation
Free actions caused by agents Willingness and Desires - We hold them responsible because they are agents desires.
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Naturalistic interpretation
Therefore action is Voluntary
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Naturalistic interpretation
Agent causes action through their Willingness and desires
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Naturalistic interpretation
Violence may be caused reaction and in this case agent cannot be held responsible because there was no Spontaneity or deliberation - therefore action was unfree.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
If I can carry out my wishes, I am still free, even when my choices are result of prior causes.
Back
Soft Determinism (Compatibilism)
Card 3
Front
Accepts behaviour comes from genetic and environmental factors but we are free to refrain or do an action according to our will.
Back
Card 4
Front
Comes under attack from hard determinists and libertarians. HDs claim we do not recognise how far we are determined, Ls claim it neglects how free we are.
Back
Card 5
Front
"White paper, void of all characteristics, without any ideas, with all the materials of reason and knowledge derived from experience"
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