it is a chemical messenger that changes the way a part of the body works.
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what is insulin
Role: To reduce blood glucose concentration
Endocrine gland: Pancreas
Target organ: Liver and muscles which convert glucose into glycogen.
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what is glucagon
Role: To increase blood glucose concentration
Endocrine gland: Pancreas
Target organ: Liver and muscles which convert glycogen back into glucose.
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what is adrenalin
Adrenaline is produced by the adrenal glands in times of fear or stress. It targets vital organs, increases the heart rate and boosts the delivery of oxygen and glucose to the brain and muscles. Preparing the body for 'flight or fight'.
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what is oestrogen
it causes growth and repair of the lining of the uterus wall
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what is progesterone
Maintains the thickness of the uterus lining, inhibits FSH release. Falling progesterone levels trigger ovulation.
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what is testosterone
it is a hormone produced by the testes which controls the development of male secondary sexual characteristics , for example, facial hair.
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what is thyroxine
is produced from the thyroid gland , which stimulates the metabolic rate. It controls the speed at which oxygen and food products react to release energy for the body to use
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what is metabolic rate
The rate at which the body uses the energy stored in food.
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what is LH
it stimulates the release of the egg
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what is FSH
it causes causes the maturation of an egg in the ovary.
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what is growth hormone
it is the hormone which stimulates growth
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what is an endocrine gland
it is a part if the body that produces hormones
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what are all of the endocrine glands
Pituitary gland, thyroid gland, pancreas, adrenal glands, ovaries and testes.
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what is the target organ
the part of the body affected by the hormone
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what is the sex hormone for men
testosterone
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what is the sex hormone for woman
oestrogen and progesterone
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what is the menstrual cycle
A 28 day cycle that prepares a woman’s body for pregnancy.
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what is ovulation
it is where the egg is released by the ovary
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what is fertilisation
When a sperm cell fuses with an egg cell to form a zygote.
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what happens in days 1-5 of the menstrual cycle
Menstruation (a period): the lining of the uterus breaks down and leaves the body through the vagina.
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what happens in days 6-12 of the menstrual cycle
The uterus lining begins to thicken again.
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what happens in days 13-15 of the menstrual cycle
Ovulation happens
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what happens in days 16-28 of the menstrual cycle
The uterus lining continues to thicken and would be able to accept an embryo if fertilisation happens.
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what controls the menstrual cycle
it is controlled by the hormones oestrogen and progesterone
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what is the egg follicle
A layer of tissue surrounding each of the immature eggs in the ovaries.
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what is contraception
it is preventing sexual intercourse from leading to fertilisation and pregnancy.
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what are the different contraception methods
condom, diaphragm or cap and contraceptive pill
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what are the different ways to increase fertility
Assisted reproductive technology clomiphene therapy and in vitro fertilisation
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
what is insulin
Back
Role: To reduce blood glucose concentration
Endocrine gland: Pancreas
Target organ: Liver and muscles which convert glucose into glycogen.
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