Hitler's Rise to Power! (The Interwar Years)

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Who were the 'big three' who led the talks at Versailles?
George Clemenceau (France), David Lloyd-George (Britain) and Woodrow Wilson (USA)
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Who came up with the Fourteen Points?
Woodrow Wilson
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When was the Treaty of Versailles signed?
June, 1919.
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Which area of Germany did the Treaty of Versailles say had to be demilitarised?
The Rhineland
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What was Article 231 of the Treaty of Versailles?
The Guilt Clause - it said Germany had to take total blame for WW1.
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How much was Germany expected to pay in damages? What were the payments called?
£6.6 billion - Reparations
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What were 'mandates'?
Areas of land controlled by the government.
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Give 3 reasons why the Treaty of Versailles was good.
It meant people who didn't cause damage didn't have to pay to get repairs. It meant other countries had a military advantage over Germany (whom they were afraid would fight back). It led to the creation of the League of Nations.
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Give 3 reasons why the Treaty of Versailles was bad.
It made Germany pay loads of money which they didn't have. It meant Germany had a complete disadvantage should anyone try and attack them. It was a direct cause of another war (WW2) which they were trying to prevent.
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Explain why the Germans hated the Treaty of Versailles.
It was embarrassing for them because they had to pay loads of money and they didn't think it was fair. They also lost loads of military defence, as the treaty said they had to reduce their armies, air force, navy, etc.
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Who did the Treaty of St Germain deal with, when did it deal with them, and what did it do?
Austria (1919) - it separated it from Hungary, stopped it joining with Germany, took land away (e.g. Bosnia), made Austria limit its army and created new countries.
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Who did the Treaty of Trianon deal with, when did it deal with them, and what did it do?
Hungary (1920) - it took land away (e.g. Croatia), made Hungary reduce its army and created new countries.
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Who did the Treaty of Sevres deal with, when did it deal with them, and what did it do?
Turkey (1920) - it lost land (part of Turkey became new mandates, e.g. Syria), and lost Turkey the control of the Black Sea.
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When was the League of Nations set up?
January 10th, 1920.
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What were the four main aims of the League of Nations?
To encourage co-operation, to improve living and working conditions, to stop aggression and to achieve disarmament.
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Which countries were permanent members of the Council? (In the League of Nations)
Britain, France, Italy and Japan.
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Name two early successes of the League of Nations.
The Aaland Islands, 1921 - the League decided to give them to Finland but forebode the keeping of weapons there, and the decision still stands today. Upper Silesia, 1921 - the League split it between Germany and Poland and both countries accepted it.
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Why did the USA not accept membership of the League of Nations?
They didn't want to get involved in any fights/wars that weren't their concern, and they were afraid the League would make them - this is known as 'isolationism'.
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Why did Britain and France find it difficult to lead the League?
They were both weak from WW1.
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Which two important nations (apart from the USA) were not members at the beginning of the League of Nations?
Germany and USSR (Russia)
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What event sparked off the global depression in 1929?
The Wall Street Crash.
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Why did the USA see Japan as a threat?
Because they were expanding and had a lot of power.
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Why did Japan invade Manchuria?
To gain control of their resources, which Japan was quickly running out of, and to weaken the League of Nations.
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Why did the Manchurian crisis make the League of Nations look weak?
Because they didn't do anything to stop it.
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Why did Italy invade Abyssinia in 1935?
Because Mussolini wanted to build a bigger Italian empire, and Abyssinia was right next to the Italian colony of Somalia.
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What was the 'Pact of Steel'?
An alliance between Italy and Germany that said they would help each other if the other was invaded.
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What were the three main aims of Hitler's foreign policy in the 1930s?
To destroy the Treaty of Versailles, to create a Greater Germany (a country with all German-speaking/German people, and to have 'Lebensraum' (living space).
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Hitler sent troops into the Rhineland in 1936, despite the fact that the Treaty of Versailles said it was to be demilitarised. Why did nobody stop him?
Because Britain and France were still weak after WW1 and didn't want to start a war when they knew they had no chance of winning.
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What was 'appeasement'?
A policy created to 'appease' Hitler (i.e. give him what he wanted) in order to prevent a war.
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Whose idea was the policy of appeasement?
Chamberlain.
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Explain four causes of WW2.
The failure of the Treaty of Versailles, Hitler's actions, the failure of Appeasement, and the failure and weakness of the League of Nations.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Who came up with the Fourteen Points?

Back

Woodrow Wilson

Card 3

Front

When was the Treaty of Versailles signed?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Which area of Germany did the Treaty of Versailles say had to be demilitarised?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What was Article 231 of the Treaty of Versailles?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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