History- Who was to blame for the cold war?

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  • Created by: Jess_1803
  • Created on: 26-04-14 16:31
When was the Yalta Conference and who attended?
February 1945 // Stalin, Roosevelt and Churchill
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What did America & Britain want at Yalta?
To protect democracy, to help Germany recover and to prevent large areas of Eastern Europe falling under Soviet control
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What did the Soviet Union want at Yalta?
Huge reparations from Germany and a buffer of friendly communist states
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What decisions were made at Yalta?
USSR to join the United Nations, Germany and Berlin will be divided into four zones (Britain,France, USA & USSR), provisional to be set up in Poland for democratic elections,Eastern Europe will be seen as Soviet sphere of influence due to war losses
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How many casualties did the USSR suffer during WW2?
20 million losses
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When was the Potsdam Conference and who attended?
July 1945 (2 months after WW2 ended) and Truman, Stalin and (Churchill attended for the beginning) Atlee.
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What three events contributed to the open tension at Potsdam?
Stalin's armies were occupying most or Eastern Europe, Roosevelt died (April 12th 1945) and Truman took over (more anti communist) and USA tested an atomic bomb on 16th July 1945 (Stalin was warned at the beginning of the conference)
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What three main disagreements were there at Potsdam?
Disagreements about Germany, about reparations, over Soviet policy in Eastern Europe
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In 1946 which countries were under Soviet control?
Poland, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria and Albania
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When was the Iron Curtain speech delivered, who said it and what was it about?
5th March 1946, Winston Churchill at a university in Fulton Missouri USA, highlighted the metaphorical divide between Eastern and Western Europe
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When was cominform set up and what was it?
Set up in 1947 and was an alliance of Communist countries to make sure they obeyed Soviet rule
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What were the key dates in the fall of Czechoslovakia?
1945-a coalition government set up, 1947-secret police arrested non-communists, 1948-demonstrations demanding Communism and Masaryk 'fell' from a window and Gottwald took over
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Five main reasons the USA-USSR alliance broke down by 1946?
War was finished (didn't have to work together), ideological differences, longterm suspicion, disagreements at Potsdam, Soviet takeover of Eastern Europe caused tension
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When was the Greek Civil War?
1946-49
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Why was the Greek Civil War significant?
It was a war between Communists and Captalists, USA backed 263,000 Greek soldiers, communists lost (more info on summary notes)
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What was the Truman Doctrine and when was it announced?
12th March 1947, it was the idea that communism thrived in poorer countries, and that the USA would build countries' economies to make the less susceptible to Communism
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What was the Marshall Plan and when it was accepted?
$17 billion from the USA to help recover European countries' economy, it was refused in December 1947 but accepted in March 1948
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What decision triggered the approval of the Marshall aid?
The fall of Czechoslovakia
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What were the three reasons why the USA introduced Marshall Aid?
1) To prevent the spread of Communism, 2)To start buliding relationships with other countries, 3) To assist countries affected by WW2
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When did Stalin blockade Berlin and what was it?
24th June 1948, he cut off all road and rail links to West Berlin
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When did USA, Britain and France join their zones together in BERLIN?
1948
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When did Britain, France and USA join their zones in GERMANY?
in June 1948 West Germany was created, and a new currency was intrduced which triggered the blockade
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What was the Berlin airlift?
The American response to the blockade, they dropped supplies to Berlin. 275,000 flights carried 1.5 million tonnes of supplies
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Why did the USA respond to the Blockade so passively?
Because they didnt want to start a war and directly disobeying Stalin may have done so
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When did Stalin reopen the Berlin borders?
12th May 1949 (lasted 10 months)
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What was NATO?
North Atlantic Treaty Organisation, military alliance between the USA and major West European allies (France and Britain)
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When was NATO set up and who were SOME of the original members?
Set up in 1949 and USA, Britain, Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxemburg and France
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What was the Warsaw Pact and when was it set up?
It was the USSRs response to NATO and May 1955
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What did America & Britain want at Yalta?

Back

To protect democracy, to help Germany recover and to prevent large areas of Eastern Europe falling under Soviet control

Card 3

Front

What did the Soviet Union want at Yalta?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What decisions were made at Yalta?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

How many casualties did the USSR suffer during WW2?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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