Official Ideology, One Party State, Monopoly over means of mass communication, cult of personality, a monopoly over means of terror and the economy
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What are the stages to Marxist Stage Theory?
Primitive Communism, Imperialism, Feudalism, Capitalism, Socialism and Communism
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Which stage was Marx utopia?
Communism
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Why?
Because this would make the state classless
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What did Marxist believe would happen in the revolution?
Marx believed that it was inevitable that the proletariat would rise up against the bourgeois to seize economic control and political power
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What Party was Lenin in?
The Social Democrats
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When did the party split and why?
1903 because Martov rejected Lenins desire for a revolutionary elite
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Which two party's formed and what did they each mean?
the Bolsheviks and the Mensheviks- Bolshevik meaning majority men as they won control over the party newspaper the 'spark' (which was run by Lenin), and menshevik meaning minority men (which was run by Martov)
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How were they different from each other?
The Bolsheviks wanted to skip the stage of capitalism and merge the bourgeois and the proletarian stages together, the mensheviks believed that Russia was not ready for a proletarian revolution and that the capitalist stage had to occur first
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In what way was Marxist theory adapted?
It meant skipping the stage of capitalism and moving Russia directly from the stage of Feudalism to the stage of Socialism
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In what way was Marxist theory adapted?
Ignoring the need for a spontaneous revolution of the exploited workers who formed the majority of society and instead used a small revolutionary elite
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In what way was Marxist theory adapted?
Abandoned the dictatorship of the proletariat in favor of the dictatorship of the party who represented the proletariat
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In what way was Marxist theory adapted?
Accepted that the party relied on two classes, the proletariat and the poorer peasants
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In what way was Marxist theory adapted?
Allowed the political system to determine the economic system
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What was Lenin's political testament and what did it involve?
Lenins last message to the Bolshevik party, in it he failed to name a successor and proposed that Stalin be removed as general secretary
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Who were the candidates that were involved in the power struggle?
Stalin, Trotsky, Zinoviev, Kamenev and Bukharin
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Why did Lenin desire a collective leadership after he died?
Lenin was concerned with the personalities of some of the leading Bolsheviks, he has recognized the arrogance of Trotsky and he was suspicious of him as he was Jewish and an ex menshevik
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Why did Lenin desire a collective leadership after he died?
He was also concerned with the growing power of Stalin as General Secretary and believed that he was using his power to create a party that was loyal to him instead of Bolshevism
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How did he was collective leadership to come about?
He suggested that the central committee be increased in memebers
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How did Stalin survive?
Lenin's last testament would have been disastrous to Stalin's career, but it did include criticisms of other members involved in the power struggle so Stalin had it read out to the Central Committee
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How did Stalin survive?
first and Zinoviev and Kamenev sided with Stalin and so Lenin's political testament was never made public
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How did Stalin use his position as General Secretary to his advantage in the power struggle?
He was able to appoint his own loyal supporters in high ranking positions within the Bolsheviks, he had unrivaled knowledge of all the party members
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How did Stalin use his position as General Secretary to his advantage in the power struggle?
He was able to supervise the expansion of the Bolshevik party (the party was expanded in tribute to Lenin's wishes), most of the new members were young, uneducated and inexperienced so they were easily controlled
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How was Trotsky defeated?
He was established as the obvious successor, and with his control of the Red Army he was a great threat to the other candidates, Zinoviev and Kamenev joined forces with Stalin, Trotsky was accused of inventing Trotskyism a rival ideology to Leninism
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How was Trotsky defeated?
It was attacked that he was an ex-menshevik and finally Stalin had told Trotsky the wrong date for Lenin's funeral, his absence reflected poorly on his devotion to Lenin and damages his public image
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How did Stalin adapt Marxist theory
He ignored internationalism he was more interested in a Russian Nationalism, the creation of the cult of Lenin, and the way Stalin chose to lead - he ended all kinds of collective leadership and instituted a personal dictatorship
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What does it mean by intolerance of diversity?
The refusal to accept anything different - this includes different ideas as well as any form of individuality, if there were any alternative views and beliefs then by definition they are not perfect and so they should not be allowed to exist
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What was involved in the ending of class divisions so the dictatorship of the proletariat could be carried out?
re-education and the creation of a new class consciousness or extermination would be carried out
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Why was this necessary?
Before the stage of communism was to be reached the state needed to be sure that all individuals were loyal so they could triumph against enemies as a united state
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Who could these 'enemies' be?
As the final stage of communism became nearer capitalist enemies would struggle harder to prevent a socialist victory
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What are the stages to Marxist Stage Theory?
Back
Primitive Communism, Imperialism, Feudalism, Capitalism, Socialism and Communism
Card 3
Front
Which stage was Marx utopia?
Back
Card 4
Front
Why?
Back
Card 5
Front
What did Marxist believe would happen in the revolution?
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