History

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  • Created by: eemoyeni
  • Created on: 14-05-14 17:46
What happened in January 1919?
32 countries met in Paris to negotiate peace after World War One
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Who were the Big Three
Woodrow Wilson (America), Georges Clemenceau (France) and David Lloyd George (Great Britain).
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What did Germany expect the Treaty to be based around?
Woodrow Wilson's 14 points; which included disarmament, free trade and creating a League of Nations.
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What did the Big Three base the Treaty on?
The Armistice which had ended the war.
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What did Wilson want at the Paris Peace conference?
Wilson wanted a League of Nations, and to ensure Germany wasn't destroyed or blamed for the war.
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What did Clemenceau want at the Paris Peace conference?
Clemenceau wanted revenge. He wanted territory returned, money to rebuild France and an independent Rhineland. He didn’t want Wilson’s League of Nations
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What did Lloyd-George want at the Paris Peace conference?
Lloyd-George wanted to 'make Germany pay', but leave them strong enough to trade with Britain. He wanted land for Britain's empire and to keep his navy superior.
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How did Lloyd George save the Treaty?
He got Clemenceau to agree to a less harsh treaty. He then persuaded Wilson to agree to the war guilt clause.
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What was the war guilt clause?
It stated the Germany alone caused the first world war.
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When was the Treaty of Versailles signed?
28th June 1919
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What were Germany forbid from doing because of the treaty?
Uniting with Austria or joining the League of Nations.
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What were Germany held responsible for?
Losses and damages of the war.
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What happened to the Rhineland?
The Rhineland, on the border between Germany and France, had to be de-militarized.
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What did the treaty state happened to Germany?
All of Germany's colonies went to France and Britain. Their army and navy were restricted and they were not allowed an airforce.
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What were the other 4 treaties?
Treaty of St Germain - Austria (1919), Treaty of Trianon - Hungary (1920) , Treaty of Neuilly - Bulgaria (1919) and Treaty of Sevres - Turkey (1920)
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What was the German opinion on the treaty?
he Germans hated everything about the Treaty of Versailles. In 1920 there was a revolution against it.
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What was the British opinion on the treaty?
Lloyd-George thought the treaty was too harsh, saying "we shall have to fight another war in 25 years".
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What was the French opinion on the treaty?
many French people wanted an independent Rhineland, and doubted the League of Nations would protect them against Germany.
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What was the American opinion on the treaty?
Wilson set up the League of Nations, but in 1920 the American senate refused to join it, or sign the Treaty of Versailles.
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When did Germany officially deny the war guilt clause?
1927
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What was The Covenant?
The rules for the League of Nations
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What were the League's aims?
The League's aims were to stop wars, encourage disarmament, improve working and social conditions and encourage international trade.
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What did the League include?
an assembly and council, a Court of International Justice, and various committees.
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What was the league like by 1930?
It had 59 member countries.
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What were the problems with the League?
The League had no army of it's own, and it's decisions had to be unanimous.
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Which countries weren't allowed to join the League?
Germany and Russia were not allowed to join, which caused resentment. America, the most powerful country in the world, had refused to join.
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When did Germany join and leave the League of Nations?
They joined in 1926 and left again in 1933.
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What was the League successful at doing in the 1920s?
the League was successful at attacking the slave trade, fighting leprosy and bringing half a million prisoners of war home.
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Which disputes did it settle?
It settled a border dispute between Sweden and Finland, and stopped a war between Greece and Bulgaria.
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What happened between 1935 - 1938 for the League of Nations?
In 1935 Germany re-armed and in 1936 re-occupied the Rhineland. In 1938 Germany and Austria united. The League could do nothing.
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Where was Manchuria?
Manchuria was a province of China, which Japan had some control over.
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What happened in Manchuria in 1931?
the Japanese claimed that Chinese soldiers had sabotaged the Manchurian railway. Japan attacked and by 1932 had conquered Manchuria.
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What happened in Abyssinia in 1935?
Italy invaded Abyssinia. The League banned arms sales to both sides. This hurt Abyssinia more than Italy.
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What happened at the Munich Agreement?
France and Britain gave Germany all of the Sudentenland in the Munich Agreement.
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What made war more likely?
Chamberlain's policy of appeasement made war more likely.
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What happened in the Sudentenland?
The Sudentenland was part of western Czechoslovakia. In 1938 Hitler encouraged Germans livingthere to demand a union with Germany, and threatened war when this was denied.
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What happened on 15th of March 1939?
Britain’s policy of appeasement showed Hitler he could do what he liked. On the 15th March 1939 Hitler invaded Czechoslovakia.
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What did Stalin suggest after April 1939 when Hitler invaded Czecholslovakia?
talin suggested that Russia, France and Britain form an alliance against Germany. Negotiations dragged on for 4 months.
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What happened on the 23rd of August 1939?
Hitler made the Nazi-Soviet pact with Stalin. This was a promise not to go to war with each other, and a secret promise to invade Poland. It was a marriage of convenience until Hitler invaded Russia in 1941.
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What were Hitler's aims?
Hitler's aims were aggressive. He planned to destroy the Treaty of Versailles, create a country of all German people and conquer land in Eastern Europe.
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What did appeasement do?
Appeasement made war more likely. Giving Hitler some of what he wanted made him keep pushing for more.
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What were the Weimar republics greatest weaknesses?
proportional representation and Article 48.
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What happened in 1920?
There was a rebellion - the Kapp Putsch - that aimed to set up a new government as the rebels were angry at them for signing the Treaty of Versailles.
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What was Lebensraum?
the need for 'living space' for the German nation to expand.
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What was Social Darwinism?
the idea that the Aryan race was superior and Jews were 'subhuman'.
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What was Autarky?
the idea that Germany should be economically self-sufficient.
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What happened in November 1923?
Munich Putsch
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What the rules for women in Nazi Germany?
Church, Children and Cooking
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Who were the Big Three

Back

Woodrow Wilson (America), Georges Clemenceau (France) and David Lloyd George (Great Britain).

Card 3

Front

What did Germany expect the Treaty to be based around?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What did the Big Three base the Treaty on?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What did Wilson want at the Paris Peace conference?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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