A race to build new battle ships, weapons and military
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Who was Archduke Ferdinand?
Nephew of Franz-Joseph of Austria, and next in line to the throne
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Where was he killed?
Sarajevo, Bosnia
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Who killed him?
Seven Bosnian-Serbs, all members of the Black Hand Gang, on behalf of a Serbian General
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What was the Schlieffen Plan?
Germany's plan to attack France, invading Belgium on the way, assuming Russia would take at least six weeks to assemble their army. Then once France was defeated, they could defend their Eastern border.
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Why did the Schlieffen plan fail?
The Belgians fought bravely, giving Britain enough time to aid them. France stopped Germany from capturing Paris at the Battle of the Marne. Russia assembled its army in three weeks and so Germany had to withdraw, and defend itself.
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Who planned the battle of the Somme?
General Douglas Haig
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What was the battle of the Somme trying to achieve?
It was an attempt to gain territory, destroy manpower, relieve pressure at Verdun and break the stalemate.
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What was the plan?
An eight day bombardment, that would destroy the German forward defences
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What went wrong?
the troops were not able to destroy the barbed wire defending the German troops, or the concrete bunkers protecting the Germans. Despite the huge amount of casulties on the first day, Haig continued to send the soldiers out and many more were killed
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How many casulties did the British and French tropps suffer?
620,000
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How many casulties did the Germans suffer?
500,000
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What did the Battle of the Somme gain?
12km of land was gained, the Germans were exhausted and suffered 500,000 casulties
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Describe the structure of the trenches
The trechnes were tunnels dug out of the Earth to provide shelter and cover. They were zigzagged to provide extra protection and sandbags were lain against the walls to provide support. Wooden planks were eventually added to the floor.
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How was Trench foot caused?
It was caused by the mud and the water in the trenches, that surrounded the feet. After a while, the skin of the feet begins to rot, causing trench foot.
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What is Trench Fever?
A disease caused by the lice in the trenches, similar to the flu
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What are three reasons why Germany lost the war?
The USA joined the Allied troops, Allied artillery was more improved than the German's. Germany risked everything on the Ludendorf Offensive
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Who was the leader of France and what did he want?
Clemencau - huge reparations and Alcace Lorraine returned
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Who was the leader of America and what did he want?
Wilson - Peace treaty, make sure that Germany is not too harshly dealt with
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Who was the leader of Britain and what did he want?
Lloyd George - Just peace, superior navy and more land for the Empire
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Name three clauses of the Treaty of Versailles
No airforce, 6.6 billion in reparations, Alsace-Lorraine returned, Polish corridor given to Poland
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How much of the workforce was unemployed in Germany when Hitler came to power?
1/3
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Why was Hitler supported by the people?
promises to end unemployment, hunger, poverty and communism. He also was a powerful speaker and promised a strong, united Germany
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What was the Weimar Republic?
A democracy
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Why was it unpopular?
They were despised for agreeing to the treaty of versailles - people felt betrayed. Germany was in a state of poverty and unemployment, and the Government were blamed
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What is hyper inflation?
When the government produces more money, meaning that the value of money is decreased
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