History- Why had international peace collapsed by 1939?

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  • Created by: Kitsune
  • Created on: 11-03-17 12:02
What were Hitler's main aims?
Abolish Treaty of Versailles, expand German empire, defeat Communism
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What was one of the first things Hitler did when he came to power?
Rearm Germany
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What did Hitler achieve by rearming Germany?
He reduced unemployment and demonstrated his capability of making Germany powerful again
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How did Hitler handle rearmament?
At first it started secretly because he knew it would cause alarm in other countries. Publicly he said he doesn't want to rearm Germany.
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What did Hitler do in 1936 regarding the army?
Reintroduced conscription
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Why did Britain allow Germany to rearm?
It though that the Treaty of Versailles wasn't fair and plus it thought armed Germany would be a good ally against Communism
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What happened in 1935 in Saar?
A promised plebiscite was held
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How many % in Saar voted to return to Germany?
More than 90
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Why did Hitler want Saar to return to Germany?
Saar had huge coal deposits, chemical industry and weapon manufacture
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What treaties was Hitler reversing when he remilitarised Rhineland?
Locarno, Versailles
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Why was remilitarisation of Rhineland a big step for Hitler?
Because if he was forced to withdraw he would lose support of the German army and face humiliation. The German army was no match for France's
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What did Hitler use as an excuse for marching into Rhineland?
France and USSR signed a pact to protect each other in case Germany attacked
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Why didn't Britain stop Hitler when he marched into the Rhineland?
Britain felt he had the right to station his troops there
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Who was the Spanish Civil War between?
The Republican government and the right-wing rebels under General Franco
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Who was general Franco supported by?
Hitler and Mussolini
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How did Hitler help Nationalists win the Spanish Civil War?
He supplied aircraft with pilots that helped Franco transport his forces from North Africa to Spain. Later these pilots bombed Spain
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What is the most famous Spanish city that was bombed by Hitler's pilots?
Guernica
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Why was the Spanish Civil war important to Hitler?
It gave his pilots combat experience, it strengthened his bond with Mussolini, it encouraged him to become more aggressive as it showed that Britain would probably remain neutral in a war
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Who was the Nationalist commander of Japan?
General Tojo
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What was the pact against communism between Germany and Japan, when was it signed?
In 1936, the Anti-Comintern Pact
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What was the alliance between France, Germany and Italy against Communism?
The Axis alliance
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Why did Austria support the idea of union with Germany?
Because its economy was weak
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How did the Anschluss with Austria start?
Hitler encouraged the Nazi party in Austria to stir up trouble for the government
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Who was the Austrian Chancellor?
Schuschnigg
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How did Schuschnigg react to Hitler's demand for Anschluss?
He appealed to Germany and France for help- maybe they could enforce sanctions. But B and F failed to help
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What was drawn up to decide wether Anschluss should happen?
A plebiscite
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What did Hitler do to ensure Anschluss plebiscite was successful?
He sent his troops into Austria to 'watch over' the people
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Why didn't Britain oppose Anschluss?
It felt that the two countries had the right to be reunited
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Why did Hitler want Austria?
Territory, his homeland, soldiers, weapons, deposits of gold and iron
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What were the arguments for Appeasement?
Germany would help fight Communism, people didn't want war, Britain's army wasn't strong enough, USA wouldn't help in case of war, Treaty was flawed,
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What were the arguments against Appeasement?
It was clear that Hitler was planning a war, Hitler wasn't trustworthy
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Who was the leader of Czechoslovakia?
Edvard Benes
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How did Hitler convince people he had the right for the Sudetenland?
Nazis in the Sudetenland stirred up trouble, saying they wanted to join Germany
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Why was Benes ready to fight for Sudetenland?
Without its forts, railways and industries Czechoslovakia would be vulnerable
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What did Hitler say about the Sudetenland on September 15?
That he wanted only some parts of it
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What did Hitler demand on his second meeting with Chamberlain?
That he wanted all of Czechoslovakia
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How did Hitler justify his claim of the Sudetenland?
He said that Germans in there were mistreated and he intended to rescue them
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When was the meeting in Munich held?
29 September, in 1938
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Did Britain, Germany, France and Italy consult Benes or the USSR when the created the Munich Agreement?
No overall change because forward and back reactions take place at the same rate
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What did the Munich agreement state?
That Czechoslovakia was to lose the Sudetenland
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When was the policy of Appeasement ended?
In March 1939 when Hitler invaded Czechoslovakia and broke the Munich Agreement
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When did the USSR join the League?
1934
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Why did Stalin agree to sign the Nazi-Soviet pact?
He didn't trust Britain and France to protect him even though he signed a Treaty with France in 1935, Stalin needed more time to rearm USSR, he wanted the promised part of Poland
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Why was the Nazi-Soviet Pact so important to Hitler?
It insured that he wouldn't have to face war on two fronts
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How did WWI start?
On the 1 September Hitler invaded Poland and Britain and France announced war on September 3
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What was one of the first things Hitler did when he came to power?

Back

Rearm Germany

Card 3

Front

What did Hitler achieve by rearming Germany?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

How did Hitler handle rearmament?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What did Hitler do in 1936 regarding the army?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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