History Studying preparations - The USA

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Laissez Faire
Laissez-faire, (French: “allow to do”), policy of minimum governmental interference in the economic affairs of individuals and society
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Protective Tariffs
The Government protecting domestic industry and farmers from international companies
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Republican
an advocate for a republican governement; i.e. a political stance (usually more left-wing instead of right-wing), american conservatism and free market capitalism
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Democrat
an advocate for a democratic government; i.e. tend to be more right-winged, socially conservative and economically liberal
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Economic Boom
A time in the 1920s when the economy of the USA skyrocketed and everyone was rich
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Production Line
An idea exploited by Henry Ford; used to maximise the output of products and to increase efficiency of the company, also reduced cost because less expensive measure were found. It supports mass production and also therefore mass consumption
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Immigration
The people coming into a country to live there; i.e. The American Dream, great success awaiting in the USA. People movig to the USA because they sought a new life
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Ku Klux Klan
A racist and radical group who were anti-immigration and believed in white supremacy. They are a group based around "cleansing" the USA of all others than white people; they are extremists
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Corruption
Government officials taking bribes to benefit themselves and in return turn a blind eye on organized crime
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Speculation
The act of speculation included guessing what people should invest in for company shares
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Depression
a severe time in the 1920s when the World had entered in an economic low. The economy of the USA had completely crashed
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Alphabet Agencies
The alphabet agencies (also New Deal agencies) were the U.S. federal government agencies created as part of the New Deal of President Franklin D. Roosevelt.
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The first new deal
The New Deal was a series of programs, including, most notably, Social Security, that were enacted in the United States between 1933 and 1938, and a few that came later.
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Credit
the ability of a customer to obtain goods or services before payment, based on the trust that payment will be made in the future.
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Jazz
a type of music of black American origin which emerged at the beginning of the 20th century, characterized by improvisation, syncopation, and usually a regular or forceful rhythm
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NAACP
The NAACP, the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, is a civil rights organization founded in 1909 to fight prejudice, lynching, and Jim Crow segregation, and to work for the betterment of "people of color."
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Stock Market
A market where people buy and sell shares from companies. In the 1920s the Stock Market in the USA crashed
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Mass Consumption
The use or purchase of goods or services by a large number of people
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Falling Prices
Due to mass production in the USA, the prices of products fell massively; i.e. the price of a regular car in the late 1800s was around $500 and in the 1920s it was lowered to around $256
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Over Production
the production of more of a product, commodity or substance than is needed or wanted
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Declining exports
Exporting of products was reaching an alltime low because the need for products had gone down majorly since the first world war
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Competition
domestic companies competed with other domestic companies and domestic companies competed with foreign companies and lowered the price in the market, because they were all making the same thing; Canadian Wheat flooded the market in the 20s and 30s
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New industries
New industries began in the USA, things like the new automobile industry, which had a massive boost in the 20s, due to mass production and also the commercial airline industry began, it was a new age for mobilized vehicles
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Red Scare
The red Scare was a time when Americans were afraid that the US had been overrun by Communists. It was a time when immigration was large and many believers of communism or russians spread the word and tried to get people on their side
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The Vanishing Americans
Native Americans were dissappearing and from a population of 1.5 million th enumber had reduced to 250,000 Native Americans in the USA. The ones that were left had not given up on their beliefs and were to moved into reservations in the mid-west
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Gangsters
Due to Prohibition, Gangsters rose to power by selling alcohol to the people, they got money and power; their influence grew massively and some gangsters that were at large at the time were: Al Capone, Dean O'Banion, and Bugs Moran
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Buying on the margin
Purchasing an asset by making a down payment (called the margin) and financing the balance amount through a loan by using the asset as the collateral (such as in a mortgage loan)
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Hoovervilles
A "Hooverville" was a shanty town built during the Great Depression by the homeless in the United States of America. They were named after Herbert Hoover, the president of the USA at the time and was widely blamed for it
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Fireside Chats
Fireside chats is the term used to describe a series of 30 evening radio conversations (chats) given by U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt between 1933 and 1944.
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The Second New Deal
The first major legislation that Roosevelt and Congress passed in the Second New Deal was the Works Progress Administration (WPA). Created in 1935, the WPA was an effort to appease the “Longites” who clamored for more direct assistance from the feds.
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Hire Purchase
Hire purchase is a type of asset finance that allows firms or individuals to possess and control an asset during an agreed term, while paying rent or covering depreciation of the asset, and interest to cover capital cost. This was a cause of the Boom
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Hollywood
A major film company in the 30s and 40s, it was one of the first film companies to permit Women to act in films
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Repeal
revoke or annul (a law or act of parliament). The law of prohibition was taken back
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Temperance
It was a movement that was started by the people, it was an agreement to stop the consumption of alcohol
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Traditional industries
The USA went back to its traditional industries, such as the metal and cloth industry
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Unemployment
Unemployment was a major time in the USA because it affected the economy eve more, the unemployed lost everything and so did the USA, slowly but surely
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Flappers
(in the 1920s) a fashionable young woman intent on enjoying herself and flouting conventional standards of behaviour.
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The Roaring Twenties
The 1920s in the United States, called “roaring” because of the exuberant, freewheeling popular culture of the decade. It was a time when many people defied Prohibition, indulged in new styles of dancing and dressing
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Innovation
a new method, idea, product which would bring a new change to the USA
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Emancipation
the fact or process of being set free from legal, social, or political restrictions; liberation.
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Intolerance
unwillingness to accept views, beliefs, or behaviour that differ from one's own. This was mainly pointed to someone who wasn't white or christian
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The Monkey Trial
a trial which was against John T Scopes because he broke the Tennessee Butler Act which did not permit school teachers to teach Human Evolution
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Prohibition
A government led law which prevented people from making, buying or selling alcohol, it basically was a way to completely get rid of alcohol, even though it failed and was repealed soon after it was instated
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Banking Crisis
The banking crisis was a time when all of the Banks were having troubles and some banks had to shut down becausse of it, this was a major cause of the depression
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Dust Bowls
Dust bowls were pieces of land which were abandoned by the people because they had lost the place to the banks, after they could no longer pay for their land
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The Hundred Days
a special session of Congress from March 9, 1933 to June 16, 1933, called by President Franklin D. Roosevelt, in which important social legislation was enacted.
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The Supreme Court
the highest court of the U.S. ; they make the final decision and Tt
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Economic Crash
the crash of the economy were major parts of the depression. The crash led to the end of the boom and the roaring 20s and all who invested in shares or had anything they were leasing and hadn't paid for made them lose everything
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Mass Production
The manufacture of goods in large quantities by machinery and by use of techniques such as the assembly line and division of labor ; i.e. Henry Ford's mass production and assembly line for Ford
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Shares
one of the equal parts into which a company's capital is divided, entitling the holder to a proportion of the profits.
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Tennessee Valley Authority
The Tennessee Valley Authority is a federally owned corporation in the United States created on May 18, 1933 to provide navigation, flood control, electricity generation, fertilizer manufacturing, and economic development to the Tennessee Valley
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

The Government protecting domestic industry and farmers from international companies

Back

Protective Tariffs

Card 3

Front

an advocate for a republican governement; i.e. a political stance (usually more left-wing instead of right-wing), american conservatism and free market capitalism

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

an advocate for a democratic government; i.e. tend to be more right-winged, socially conservative and economically liberal

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

A time in the 1920s when the economy of the USA skyrocketed and everyone was rich

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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