History rev

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  • Created by: Grace
  • Created on: 04-06-19 15:44
NI: Wilson (64-69)
Civil rights movement (64, 68); paramilitaries (66); Bogside (69)
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What was the 1964 civil rights movement?
Aimed for less employment and housing discrimination, as well as parliamentary representation. Provided a peaceful alternative
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What paramilitaries were formed in 1966?
Unionists formed paramilitaries in 1966 in response to IRA bombings
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What happened at the Battle of the Bogside?
Apprentice Boys march turned violent. Two Catholic civilians killed. Officers encouraged violence against the Catholics; the IRA supported the fighters. Taoiseach promised to send army in to help the exhausted police
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When did Wilson deploy the troops?
Wilson deployed British troops in 1969. Welcomed as a neutral entity, but soon soured. Marked the first direct invention of the English government in Ireland since partition
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NI: Heath (70-74)
Internment (71); Bloody Sunday (72); Widgery Tribunal (72); Stormont suspension (72); Sunningdale (73)
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What was internment?
Holding of prisoners without trail. Aimed to reduce sectarian violence; called "among the best recruiting tools the IRA ever had." 95% were Catholics
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What was Bloody Sunday?
In 1972, peaceful march was refused entry into city by British army. Turned violent. Police opened fire, killing 14 protesters. Monetary support for IRA grew, esp in US. British Embassy in Dublin burnt down.
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Statistics for 1972
It was the bloodiest year with over 1,000 explosions; 10,000 shootings; and 480 deaths.
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What was the Widgery Tribunal?
Said army acted in self-defence in Bloody Sunday, but was a white-wash.
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What was the Sunningdale Agreement?
In 1973, Whitelaw convinced all Irish parties to sign co-sharing agreement. It fell apart by 1974.
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NI: Wilson & Callaghan (74-79)
UWC strike (74); Northern Ireland Act (74); Special category status (76)
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What was the UWC strike?
Three months after Wilson took office, the UWC strike paralysed the province. It lasted 15 days, was in protest of Sunningdale. Most, even moderates, accepted that Sunningdale was unworkable.Wilson refused to negotiate, declared state of emergency
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What was the Northern Ireland Act?
In 1974, reintroduced power-sharing. Saw a 66% turnout, so people could be peaceful. The 83 Convention members took partisan stances, preventing agreements. Formally dissolved in '76
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What was 'special category status'?
In 1976, Wilson took away special category status, meaning IRA terrorists would be treated as actual criminals. Uniforms annoyed a lot. Started blanket protests, then escalated to dirty protests in '78. By '79, over 250 prisoners involved
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NI: Thatcher (79-90)
Mountbatten (79); Hunger strikes (81); Brighton Bombing (84); Anglo-Irish Agreement (85)
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Mountbatten's assassination
Assassinated by IRA in '79. A symbol of British imperialism as was the last Viceroy of India. No member of the establishment was safe
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What were the Hunger Strikes?
In '81, Bobby Sands went on a hunger strike (still mad about special prisoner status), became an MP, then died, along with five others. Thatcher let an MP die, turned into a martyr. Good though because 'gun and ballot approach'.
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What was the Brighton Bombing?
In '84, the IRA bombed a Tory conference, aiming to kill Thatcher. Instead, they killed five people, invoking national outrage.
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What was the Anglo-Irish Agreement?
In 1985, the Hillsborough Agreement set up permanent intergovernmental cooperation between UK & Republic. 200k protest, new unionist paramilitary group formed, but showed cooperation.
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Why did the Tories lose the 1964 election?
Political scandal (Profumo Scandal, 63); Douglas-Home; Labour's strength
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What was the Profumo Scandal?
John Profumo, Secretary of State for War, had an affair with Keeler, who had an affair with Ivanov, a naval attaché. Lied to Parliament in '63
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Why was Douglas-Home unelectable in the 1964 election?
Boring, especially in comparison to Wilson. With a renounced peerage, he represented the establishment. He didn't campaign using television, and struggled with hecklers.
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Why was Labour so strong in the 1964 election?
Wilson unified them. Famous "white heat of technology" promise, unified left & rights. Used television
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Card 2

Front

What was the 1964 civil rights movement?

Back

Aimed for less employment and housing discrimination, as well as parliamentary representation. Provided a peaceful alternative

Card 3

Front

What paramilitaries were formed in 1966?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What happened at the Battle of the Bogside?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

When did Wilson deploy the troops?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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