What problems did Henry VII face when becoming King?
Financial policies, weak claim to the throne, law and order, nobles, foreign policy, other claimants, the Yorkists
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How did he solve the problem with money/financial policies?
Yorkist rebels- confiscated land, Court of Star Chambers- fined nobles who committed crimes, Treaty of Etaples-£149,000, Annual income-£50,000 to £140,000
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How did this help him establish tudor dynasty?
Money gave him power
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How did he solve the problem of financial policies?
Married Son to Catherine of Aragon, Daughter to James IV of Scotland,
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Law and Order?
Struck at wealth of nobles, took land, fined, showed no favouritism
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How did he deal with the problem of nobles?
Statue of maintanance- banned nobles from bribing judges, causing riots, having private armies, and holding unlawful meetings. This made them weaker and poorer. Fined them and took land, no favouritism
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How did he secure his place on the throne?
Married Elizabeth of York- uniting Lancaster and York. Minted his face on coins. Dated his reign the day before the Battle of Bosworth
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Who was Cardinal Wolsley?
Henry VIII's main government advisor in 16th century.
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What did want to do?
Tried to reform Englands legal system. Wanted to change it from 'common law' to 'civil law' Tried to reform the finances of the Privy Council
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What is common law and civil law
Common law uses PRECEDENTS and previous legal cases as a basis for legal decisions. Civil law uses NATURAL JUSTICE and what they think is fair and just as a basis for legal decisions.
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How did he try to reform the finances of Privy Council and did it work?
The Eltham ordinances of 1526. It lapsed quickly as no one was appointed to make sure people were following it, and left them in a worse state than before.
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Why is it believed that he failed to create a revolution in gov?
None of his changes were substancial, and most if not all fell through and failed to actually make a change. They didn't last a long time at all. People say this is because he was concerned about developing his own wealth and had no true passion about ref
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What did Thomas Cromwell do to government?
Introduced bureaucratic model. Changed the Privy council from 100 men to 20 capable and intelligent people.
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What did the bureaucratic model entail?
Departments recieved money from prespecified sources. They were paid out for reasons that had to be sanctioned first. Were rigorously audited. EG- Court of augmentation, court of first fruits
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DId he cause revolution?
Yes. SIr geoffrey elton- first 3 major turning points in English gov. Was previously a financial institution based on kings seal and chamber, was now a bureaucracy staffed by capable and intelligent people. I agree with Elton as his changes made substanti
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What did Henry VIII change in religion?
The break from Rome. 1534 Act of SUpremacy- ended the popes' power and put the monarch in charge of religion. CATALYST for all other religious changes made by monarchs in Tudor era. Dissolution of Monastries-
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What were Edwards religious changes?
Catholic to protestant. Destroyed all religious imagery, like stained glass windows, making churches plain. 1549 Act of Uniformity- everyone had to follow the new protestant book of prayer. Act of six articles REPEALED- no doctrine, religion discussed fre
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Mary I religious changes?
Prot-roman cath. Statue of repeal- removed all previous legislations. Church was restored to how it was in 1547. Restored heresy laws (!!!) burned 300 heretics as recorded in John Fox's book of Martyrs. Suspended second act of uniformity.
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More impactful than Edward?
More signif than Edward. Changes greatly undermimed Edwards, abolished all ideas + laws created by him.
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More signif than Henry?
Less signif than Henry- changes acted as a catalyst fir all other monarchs. Act of Supremacy alone was more impactful- ended popes power + put monarchs in charge from then onwards. Without his changes none of Marys would have happened.
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More signif than Liz?
No, liz more signif. Mary forced Catholicism onto the country, whilst liz was more tolerant. This is how we live today- with complete religious tolerance, showing hers was more progressive and important. Changes were SUBSTANTIAL and LONG LASTING. MArys ch
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
How did he solve the problem with money/financial policies?
Back
Yorkist rebels- confiscated land, Court of Star Chambers- fined nobles who committed crimes, Treaty of Etaples-£149,000, Annual income-£50,000 to £140,000
Card 3
Front
How did this help him establish tudor dynasty?
Back
Card 4
Front
How did he solve the problem of financial policies?
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