History- (GCSE) Spring Term (Yr.10)

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when did ronald reagan become president of the USA ?
1981
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what were the problems gorbachev faced as a new leader ?
sorting out an underdeveloped country, lack of human rights and money
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what was Chernobyl ?
an exploded nuclear power plant in ukraine which the leader of the ussr at the time had to sort out (gorbachev)
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why was gorbachev not the best candidate for the job ?
he had little experience which then led to the end of communism
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what is sdi ?
The Strategic Defense Initiative was a program was to develop a sophisticated anti-ballistic missile system in order to prevent missile attacks from other countries
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why was sdi important ?
because it would aim to stop the arms race and the cold war
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what did the critics think of sdi ?
that it was a waste of money as the project involved too much advanced technology
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what did reagan call the soviets empire ?
an evil empire
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why were the soviets worried about the sdi ?
they didnt have the money or the intelligence to keep up with such high demands also it would make their efforts a waste of time with the icbms because they would be useless
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what were the problems faced by the ussr in 1985 ?
there were few human rights, poor leadership, poor living conditions, oppositions were banned, no industrial growth
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what were some solutions to the problem ?
broke- reduce spending on the arms race, lack of stable leadership and poor leadership- Gorbachev is the solution,
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what was reagans view of Gorbachev before and after glasnost and perestoika ?
before- felt threatened by him, he just thought he needed to develop better weapons; after- likes him, likes that Gorbachev is happy to co-operate with him to reduce the cold war tensions
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why did reform end the USSR ?
people want to protest, opposition is now allowed, comm and cap cant co-exist
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what happened in the Geneva summit in 1985 ?
the USA and USSR started to improve relations
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what happened in the Reykjavik summit in 1986 ?
they wanted to come up with a way to reduce nuclear arms and their relations imrpved between ussr and usa
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what happened in the Moscow summit in 1988 ?
soviets removed troops from the satellite states and improved relations further
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what happened in the Washington summit in 1987 ?
they signed a treaty INF which meant they had to destroy missiles.
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what happened in the Malta summit in 1989 ?
it marked the end of the cold war and (Bush was the new leader of the USA)
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how did the church influence the understanding of medicine ?
people thought that if you were a good Christian then god wouldn't let you get an illness and if you were bad Christian then that's how god would get back at you, (story of job)
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how did medieval people think they would be cured of a disease ?
by attending church and repaying their sins
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who was Hippocrates ?
in the 5th century, made the theory of the four humours
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what was the theory of the four humours ?
blood, yellow bile, black bile, and phlegm, if you had too many of either of them then your body had to get rid of them by making you ill
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what did it mean if you had too much blood ?
you would get a fever and you would have to release some blood from your body some how
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what did it mean if you had too much phlegm ?
you would get a cold to get rid of the excess phlegm
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what did it mean if you had too much black bile ?
you have a dark mood or too much excrement, you would get diahorrea to get it out of your system
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what did it mean if you had too much yellow bile/ choler ?
you have too much puss or vomit so had to get ill to get rid of it.
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what was the main belief with the four humours if they became unbalanced ?
that if they became unbalanced you would become ill
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who was Galen ?
2nd century ce, developed the idea of the four humours and introduced the idea of the forces becoming unbalanced made you ill and the idea of opposites
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what were the three key reasons why the ideas of galen hadn't been disproved ?
the fact the church agreed and the importance of book learning and lack of alternatives
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how does the influence of the church link to the importance of book reading with Galens medical theory ?
the ideas of galens book fitted in with the churches beliefs so the church was obviously going to teach it
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how does the influence of the church link to the lack of alternatives with Galens medical theory ?
the dissections were made illegal by the church so you couldnt investigate the acc anatomy because the body had to be buiried intact to let the soul go to heaven
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how does the lack of alternatives link to the importance of book reading with Galens medical theory ?
nobody challenges the books so there would be no alternative because everyone belives it so strongly
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what is miasma ?
bad air which was thought that if you breathed it in it would make you ill and give you a disease
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what was a physician ?
someone who would diagnose illness and recommend treatment but would not get involved acc treating the patient, they were very expensive to hire
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what was an apothecary ?
someone who made herbal remedies that were described to people, they werent as skilled as physicians
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what was a surgeon ?
it was normally a barbour who would let blood or perform minor surgeries and the only reason they were involved was because they had a steady hand and sharp utensils
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what were the things which made medicine knowledge not move on ?
the churches influence, lack of education, specific individuals(galen and hippocrates), monarch and government
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what were hospitals like in the medieval times ?
they were for lepers, infims, the old and they just offered hospitality not actual treatment, very clean and funded by wills
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what did treatment of disease have to do with homes ?
most people were treated by the women in the family who grew and made remidies ,carry out minor surgeries and bleedings
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how did homes effect the trust in the doctors ?
it led to mistrust in doctors
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what are some of the causes of the plague that people believed ?
bad air, god punishing sins, alignment of planets, the imbalance of the humours
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what was the renaissance ?
The term 'renaissance' is derived from the French word meaning 'rebirth'. It is used to describe this phase of European history because many of the changes experienced between the 14th and 16th centuries to do with medicine
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who was Thomas Sydenham ?
a physician recognized as a founder of clinical medicine and epidemiology. Because he emphasized detailed observations of patients and maintained accurate records, he has been called “the English Hippocrates.”
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what were the differences made at the time of Thomas Sydenham ?
the plants and herbs used to treat diseases depending on the colours, more experimentation, bathing less popular, if you got the disease in a certain country there was defo a cure in that country
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what were the similarities at the time of Thomas Sydenham ?
miasma still believed in, still use of herbal remedies, still some belief in the four humours, still use purging
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how did the printing press influence medicine positivly ?
the information was spread quickly, fewer inconsistencies, more books were written about science
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what was the royal society ?
it was a group of scientists who met to talk about new ideas as it was a way to promote and carry out experiments and the king approved them
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26.02.18
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Card 2

Front

what were the problems gorbachev faced as a new leader ?

Back

sorting out an underdeveloped country, lack of human rights and money

Card 3

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what was Chernobyl ?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

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why was gorbachev not the best candidate for the job ?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

what is sdi ?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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