Higher Music Concepts

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3 against 2
A simple example of a cross rhythm.
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Acciaccatura
An ornament which sounds like a crushed note played very quickly on the beat or just before it.
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Added 6th (Higher)
This describes a note 'added' to the familiar Chord structure (root, 3rd and 5th).
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Augmentation
A passage of music where the length of the notes used are doubled, for example, where a quaver was used originally it would be replaced by a crotchet.
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Basso continuo
Basso continuo is a form of musical accompaniment used in the Baroque period. It means 'continuous bass'.
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Chamber music
Chamber music is a form of classical music that is composed for a small group of instruments - traditionally a group that could fit in a palace chamber.
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Coloratura
Term for florid vocal singing involving scales, runs and ornaments where there are a number of notes sung to the one syllable.
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Concertino
In a Concerto grosso this is the name given to the small, solo group of instrumentalists as opposed to the main group, the Ripieno.
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Concerto grosso
A Concerto grosso is an important form of music which developed throughout the Baroque Period having three main elements concertino, ripieno and basso continuo.
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Da capo aria
The da capo aria is a musical form that was prevalent in the Baroque era. It is sung by a soloist with the accompaniment of instruments, often a small orchestra.
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Diminished 7th
A diminshed 7th chord consists of four notes built one on top of the other.
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Diminution
A passage of music where the length of the notes used are halved, for example, where a crotchet was used originally it would be replaced by a quaver.
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Dominant 7th
Chord built on the dominant (5th) note of a key which adds the 7th note above its root.
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Exposition
This describes the first hearing of the 'theme' and is normally associated with compositions structured in Sonata Form or Fugue.
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Harmonic minor scale
The notes of the harmonic minor scale are the same as the natural minor except that the seventh degree is raised by one semitone, making an augmented second between the sixth and seventh degrees.
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Harmonics
The high eerie sounds produced on a bowed string instrument by lightly touching the string at certain points.
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Impressionist
Music written in the impressionist style mirrors the style of painting by Artists such as Claude Monet, where edges between objects are often blurred.
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Interrupted cadence
A cadence is formed by two chords at the end of a phrase.
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Interval
The distance in pitch between two notes.
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Irregular time signatures
Irregular time signatures occur when the music does not naturally fall into equal groupings.
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Jazz funk
Jazz Funk is a sub-genre of Jazz music.
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Lied
This term (the German word for song) refers to songs for solo voice, accompanied by piano.
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Mass
The Mass is a sacred choral work traditionally using the five main sections of the Roman Catholic, Western Orthodox, Anglican or Lutheran Church liturgy.
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Melodic minor scale
The melodic minor scale consists of different notes when ascending/descending.
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Mode/modal
Term used to describe music based on a mode.
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Mordent
An ornament which sounds the main note, the note above and then the main note again.
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Musique concrete
Recorded natural sounds which are transformed using simple editing techniques such as cutting and re-assembling, playing backwards, slowing down and speeding up
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Obbligato
A prominent solo instrument part in a piece of vocal music.
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Oratorio
Usually a story from the Bible set to music for soloists, chorus and orchestra.
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Passacaglia
Variations over a Ground Bass.
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Plagal cadence
A cadence is formed by two chords at the end of a phrase.
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Plainchant
Also known as Gregorian Chant or Plainsong was the mainstay of music in the early church.
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Recitative
A type of vocal writing where the music follows the rhythm of speech, used in operas and oratorios.
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Relative major/minor
Each major key has a relative minor which shares the same key signature.
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Ripieno
Ripieno is one of the elements of the Baroque Concerto Grosso. It describes the larger / main group of ensemble instruments.
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Ritornello
Ritornello is used to describe a theme which returns frequently throughout a piece of music, or a movement within a larger piece.
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Sonata
Sonata can be exemplified in two ways, either as a composition for solo piano, or a composition for a solo instrument accompanied by piano.
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Sonata form
This term is used to describe the structure of the first movement of many sonatas, symphonies and often overtures.
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Soul music
Soul music developed in the southern states of America and grew in popularity throughout the 1960’s. It was a combination of gospel, blues and country music, and its gritty sound reflected what was happening socially in America at that time.
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String quartet
A chamber music ensemble made up from two violins, one viola and one cello.
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Subject
The main theme in a composition.
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Through-composed
A vocal/choral composition in which there is little or no repetition in the musical structure i.e. where the composition is not structured as verse/chorus.
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Tierce de Picardie
The final chord of a piece of music in the minor key is changed to major.
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Time changes
The time signature specify how many beats are to be contained in each bar and which note value is to be given one beat.
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Tremolando
Term for the rapid up-and-down movement of a bow on a stringed instrument creating an agitated, restless effect.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

An ornament which sounds like a crushed note played very quickly on the beat or just before it.

Back

Acciaccatura

Card 3

Front

This describes a note 'added' to the familiar Chord structure (root, 3rd and 5th).

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

A passage of music where the length of the notes used are doubled, for example, where a quaver was used originally it would be replaced by a crotchet.

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Basso continuo is a form of musical accompaniment used in the Baroque period. It means 'continuous bass'.

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
View more cards

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