Hierarchy of visual information pathways

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What are simple features of visual information pathways?
light intensity and WL, 2D position in visual field, combination and elaboration
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What is the complex visual representation for perception and memory?
Information from surface, spatial relationships, movement, interaction with other senses
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What happens to neurons in extrastriate crotex signal global properties?
visual scenes and affects rather than component properties
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Global colour vs component wavelength?
Perceived colour of an object depends on: wavelength reflected by surroundings, wavelength reflected by object
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What are V4 neurons?
colour sensitive, neurons in primary visual pathway,
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What are V2 neurons?
Wavelength sensitive
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What is the first visual stream?
dorsal stream: visuo-spatial (where) and visuo - motor (how)
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What is connected to the superior collicilous?
V5/ MT -> posterior/parietal CTX, V3 --> V3A --> STS
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What is the ventral stream?
object analysis
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What is the first visual stream?
Inferior temporal lobe lesions in macaques impair object discrimination/recognition but not object location
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What happens to posterior parietal lesions?
They impair where but not discrimination
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What did Milner and Goodale suggesT?
ventral stream processes visual information for object perception
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What is the dorsal stream for?
processes visual information for visuo spatiality guided action (how)
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What was the evidence?
patients with occipito temporal brain damage show signs of visuo agnosia
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What happens to when comparing visually guided action whereas parietal lobe lesions show?
optic ataxia (deficits in visually guided reaching) intact visual function
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What happens if the DF bilateral ventral stream is lesioned?
visual agnosia but good visual reaching
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What can a person with a parietal lobe lesion do?
Act on visual stimuli but unable to make perceptual judgements
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What is the layout for the inferior temporal cortex?
eye --> LGN --> V1 --> V2 --> V4 --> TEO (STS) -->TE
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Where is V1, V2 and V4?
occipital lobe
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What does the inferior temporal cortex receive?
Input from extrastriate cortex an forms the final stage in the visual processing hierarchy of the ventral stream
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How can neurons in the inferior temporal cortex respond?
Selectively to specific shapes and objects
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What can these show?
Changes in size, orientation, other properties, the neuron recognizes regardless of view point
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What does this show?
Sustained activity in the absence of visual objects
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What are face cells?
neurons in the inferior temporal lobe, only respond to individual faces, highly seletive properties suggest that may act as shoti units or grandmother neurons
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What are grandmother neurons?
neurons at the end of the processing hierarchy that recognize individual entilties such as your grandmother
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Areas that show selective responses to faces show what?
have been identified in the human inferior temporal lobe using FMRI
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What is the medial temporal lobe?
MTL is at the end of visual processing hierarchy combining inputs from ventral to dorsal streams
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What does it receive?
additional input from other sensory modalties
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Elaborate visual representations are used why?
To generate multimodal representations
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What are examples of the Medial temporal lobe?
complex spatial representations requiring the encoding of relations between different visual stimuli and multimodal representation of experiences (events and facts, episodic and semantic memory)
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For example
HM had his hippocampus removed, couldnt remember new experiences but could learn
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Card 2

Front

What is the complex visual representation for perception and memory?

Back

Information from surface, spatial relationships, movement, interaction with other senses

Card 3

Front

What happens to neurons in extrastriate crotex signal global properties?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Global colour vs component wavelength?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What are V4 neurons?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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