Henry VII

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When and how did Henry come to power?
He became king 1485 through usurping the throne at Battle of Bosworth
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when and why did he marry Elizabeth of York?
He married her in 1486 to untie the houses of York and Lancaster.
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what was Henry s main Foreign policy aims?
Recognition of the Tudor dynasty, defend englands trading interests and to maintain national security( through controlling the nobility etc)
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how did Henry consolidate his power?
He dated his reign back to the day before the battle of Bosworth 1585, so he could reward supporters and punish traitors.He had a grant coronation 1585, before marriage to Elizabeth of York to make sure it didn' look like he became king through their
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what were acts of attainder and how many did Henry pass?
were a way that Henry limited the power of Nobility by seizing land and titles of nobles he didn't trust. He passed 138 acts of attainder
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what was the 1485 law against?
law against retaining ( against nobles using servants for status)
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How much was Lord Burgavenny fined in 1507 in for retaining?
he was fined £70,000
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what happened to Nobles after these acts?
They fell by 1/4 during Henry reign, status decline as Henry gained more land and power.
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what was the council learned in law 1495
an off-shoot of council to maintain Henry's prerogative rights and oversee revenue. All members had legal training e.g bray and they helped exploit revenue through bonds and recognises.
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what was the star chamber 1487?
a court of law separate from the kings council. used to prosecute rebellious people. became popular in Henry VIII's reign under Wolsey.
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how many times did parliament meet in Henry VII's reign and what was parliament used to grant?
the council met 7 times ( infrequently which shows henry's power and stability). It granted custom revenue and extraordinary revenue.
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how much money did Henry make from crown lands?
He became the largest landowner, so made £42,000
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what is the act of resumption 1486?
where Henry reclaimed all crown lands that hand been granted away
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what was the total profit from extraordinary revenue ( bonds, recognises etc)
£400,000
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what did James of Scotland do to annoy Henry in 1595?
He supported Warbeck , provided him with an army to invade England
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what was the peace treaty between Scotland and England and when was it?
1502- Treaty of Perpetual Peace which became full peace treaty whereby Henry's daughter Margret marries James IV
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who ruled Ireland and was Irelands threat to Henry?
Ireland was ruled by the Earl of KIldare, who is a Yorkist sympathiser and so crowned Simnel king of Ireland 1586
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How did Henry manage to get control over Ireland 1985?
he replaced KIldare with Poynings who passed the Poynings law 1495 where the IrIsh government needed English approval to pass laws. = reasonable level of control 1500
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what was the marriage agreement between Arthur and Catherine of Aragon 1489?
Treaty of Medina Del Campo 1489 but Arthur dies 1502, so in 1503 an agreement between Henry VII and Catherine was signed.
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why was the 1503 marriage delayed?
Henry angered ferdinand of Spain because he supported Juannas claim to the throne . The marriage didn't take place until 1509 ( after his death)
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what did the french do to upset Henry 1487, how did Henry antagonise the French?
The french invaded Brittany to take its independence - upset Henry because he exiled there as a child. Henry antagonised the French by agreeing to the treaty of Redon 1489 where he supports Anne's claim to Brittany with 6000 troops.
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why did Henry receive £745,00 pension from French in 1492?
Treaty of Etaples 1492- where they both agreed not to assist rebels and France pay a pension to England.
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why did Henry place a trade embargo on the netherlands?
Margret of Burgundy supported Warbeck, Henry broke trade as retaliation but this was ended 1496
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whats the treaty of Windsor 1506?
phillip and Henry agree to assist each other against rebels
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why was henry left diplomatically isolated ?
he wasn't in the league of Cambrai with HRE, Spain and France
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whats the intercursus malus 1506?
trade agreement which was generous to england.
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what was the Lambert Simnel plot 1586
The Earl of Lincoln arranged for Simnel to be trained to pretend to be the Earl of Warwick( leading Yorkist claimant)
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How did Henry respond to Simnel?
He paraded the real Earl of Warwick around London. Licoln fled to Burgandy and had support of Margret. he killed Lincoln and spared Simnel to work in kitchens.
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what was the Perkin Warbeck impersonation 1491-99?
trained to be prince Richard( who was dead) , he failed to get support and quickly defeated.
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how did Henry respond?
crushed Scottish force, warbeck surrendered. Initially was lenient of Warbeck but he escaped prison so was executed 1599
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Who were Lovell and Stafford and what was the nature of their threat?
their threat was Political becase they wnted to replace Henry with a Yorkist claimant, but had little support and were easily suppressed.
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what was the regional differences between the South and North?
they both had seperate councils, so it was dfficult to enforce laws. had linguistic differences. the north was more poor than south
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what was the Cornish rebellion 1497 and how it was suppressed?
arose from resentment of paying tax for scottish campaign because they felt they are not near boarders geographically . Henry had to withdraw troops from Scottish boarders to crush it and execute leaders.
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what was the Yorkshire rebellion 1489 and how was it suppressed?
resentment of taxation for French campaign. had prrvioulsy had bad harvests. successfully reduced tax from £100,000 to £27,000
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how many harvests were deficent
1/4 - which created inflation
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how much of exports would the cloth trade make up?
90% of all English exports
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what were the navigation acts 1485- 1489?
English ships send products to and from English ports, support merchant adventurers exports from London
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What was the 1496 act with Burgandy?
The Intercursus Magnus which ended Henry's embargo. Overly generous to England- allowed English merchants to export to any burgandy port/#
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who was John Cabolt and William Weston?
John- explorer who found extensive fishing grounds and Newfoundland. Weston- led an expedition to the new world. the voyagers had a lack of navigation and skill. the ships were heavy and clumsy.
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why was church/ religion so important?
Life was governed by religion , the threat of hell maintained good behaviour. People lived in accordance to the church with holidays etc.
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where the lollards supportive or critical of catholicism?
Lollards were critical of Catholicism( heretics), they wanted the Bible to be translated into English and emphasised the bibles importance.
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who were humanists and ho were they influenced by?
wanted to go back to orginal text, were influenced by Erasmus who promoted new learning. Humanists made educational developments by opening grammar schools and widening educational opportunities.
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What was the significance of William Caxton 1476?
he brought printing to England, so text became more available and literacy increased. allowed new ideas from Erasmus to be circulated.
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what style was architecture ?
Gothic perpendicular style. for example Westminster Abbey
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who was William Cornyish?
Wrote religious music for the church from Latin.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

when and why did he marry Elizabeth of York?

Back

He married her in 1486 to untie the houses of York and Lancaster.

Card 3

Front

what was Henry s main Foreign policy aims?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

how did Henry consolidate his power?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

what were acts of attainder and how many did Henry pass?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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