• Noted role of hypothalamus and sympathetic nervous system in affecting adrenal glands and producing increase in circulating epinephrine (adrenaline). Produces changes in heart rate, patterns of blood circulation etc.
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Limits To Cannons Model
- Recognition that acute response to threat may also include ‘freeze’ as well as ‘fight and flight’ Need to explore in greater detail the temporal aspects of stress response, especially distinctions between acute and long-term
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Selye's General Adaptation Syndrome (Model Of Stress - 3 Stages) Stage 1:
Alarm – in which body’s systems were activated to increase energy levels
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Stage 2:
Resistance – in which body attempts to direct resources to coping with threat, if still confronted with continuing stress
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Stage 3:
Exhaustion – when continued draining of resources depletes energy etc., leading to collapse
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Physiological Mechanisms - 3 Main Axis
1: Direct neural axis 2: Neuroendocrine axis 3: Endocrine axis
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Direct neural axis
· When potential stressor is perceived and evaluated signals are sent through sympathetic nervous system to relevant end organs Provides for rapid increase in available energy, but can be sustained for only relatively brief periods.
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Neuroendocrine axis - Slower to Initiate
Medium-term response to stress - Signals pass from cortex through neural structures to adrenal medulla leading to secretion of hormones which produce increase in blood pressurecardiac output and decrease in renal function and peripheral blood flow
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Endocrine axis
- Highly Complex - Results in secretion of a number of hormones - Range of effects including changes in blood volume and pressure and increased insulin resistance
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Type A Behaviour Pattern
- Time urgency - Competitiveness - Anger/hostility -Evidence appears to suggest that the anger/hostility component is main risk factor for risk of CHD
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Limits To Cannons Model
Back
- Recognition that acute response to threat may also include ‘freeze’ as well as ‘fight and flight’ Need to explore in greater detail the temporal aspects of stress response, especially distinctions between acute and long-term
Card 3
Front
Selye's General Adaptation Syndrome (Model Of Stress - 3 Stages) Stage 1:
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