Health Promotion and Behavioural Change Key Terms

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  • Created by: Psych951
  • Created on: 28-12-18 11:31
Health Promotion
Process of increasing personal control over and improving individual's health
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Effortful change
Individual level; Outcome-effective; Personal choice; Conscious
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Effortless change
Population level; Cost-effective; Structural and environmental changes; Little conscious processing
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Theory-based interventions
Target mediating variables; 3 main perspectives
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Learning and cognitive theories
Reinforcement, modelling and associations, in the context of beliefs, influence health behaviours
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Reinforcement
Reinforce health promoting behaviour and punish health risk behaviours; Incentives can be direct and indirect
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Exposure
Watching or practicing behaviours informs future decisions; Past behaviour and self-efficacy change cognitions
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Modelling
Learn from behaviour of others; Individual and mass level, vicarious and direct.
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Associative learning
Classical conditioning changes cognitions towards behaviour; Evaluative learning
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CBT
Question beliefs that interrupt behaviour change (Cognitive restructuring); Socratic questioning and evidence searching
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Third-wave interventions
Mindfulness and Defusion exercise to change behaviours by accepting beliefs
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Relapse prevention
Self-monitoring, relapse fantasies and relaxation
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Social cognition theory
Emphasises experiences, incentives and social cognitions to change behaviour; Target salient beliefs; Intention-behaviour gap
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Theory of planned behaviour
Model that emphasises core beliefs that influence behaviour change; Attitudes, subjective norms and perceived control affect intentions which affect behaviour
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Plans and implementation
SMART goals and plans to engage in specific behaviours
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Information giving
Providing facts; More useful when combined with other interventions
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Stage model
Different processes of behaviour at different stages
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Motivational interviewing
Increase motivation to change; Resolve ambivalence
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Stage-matched interventions
Use questions to identify stage of individual and then use that to inform other strategy use; Supportive role, OARS method
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Population health: Environmental changes
Providing cues in the environment for healthy behaviour; Benefits and costs
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Population health: Mass media
Refined, persuasive communication (elaboration likelihood model); Fear according to protection motivation theory; Information framing; Audience targeting
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Changing affect
Targeting behaviour change through emotions
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Visualisation
Using images rather than language to target emotions and produce change
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Affective cognitions
Emotion-linked attitudes that impact behaviour and processing of interventions; Target these in interventions
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Fear appeals
Using fear to generate an emotional response; Inverted U vs. Linear
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Self-affirmation
Combatting resistance to change by confirming self-worth in other areas
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Modern technologies: Ecological momentary interventions
Treatment that is accessible and implemented in everyday life e.g. using a phone
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Web-based interventions
Therapeutic strategies online
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Biological risk data
Tailoring health information to an individual's specific genes; Questionable effectiveness
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Behavioural taxonomy
Label target behaviours and current strategies to improve interventions
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Behaviour change wheel
Essential conditions for change (capability, motivation, opportunity) > Intervention functions > Policy
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Individual level; Outcome-effective; Personal choice; Conscious

Back

Effortful change

Card 3

Front

Population level; Cost-effective; Structural and environmental changes; Little conscious processing

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

Target mediating variables; 3 main perspectives

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Reinforcement, modelling and associations, in the context of beliefs, influence health behaviours

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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