Health and Social Care HSC07: Food an Fitness

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  • Created by: bekoko
  • Created on: 13-12-15 17:06
What is Fitness?
Fitness is the capacity to do work without becoming exhausted. It is the combination of strength, flexibility and endurance. The two types of fitness that are important in exercise are aerobic and muscular fitness.
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What is Aerobic Fitness?
This is the capacity to take in, transport and use oxygen without tiring. Good aerbic fitness is to do this for longer than 12 minutes. The respiratory and cardiovascular systems are used during aerbic fitness.
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What is Muscular Fitness?
Musuclar fitness includes; maximum strength, dynamic strength, flexibility, mobility and endurance/stamina.
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What is Maximum Strength?
The greatest force a muscle can exert in a single contraction, e.g. holding a heavy weight)
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What is Dynamic Strength?
Ability for a muscle to contract at speed whist overcoming resistance, e.g. sprinting or cycling
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What is Flexibility?
The range of movement possible by the whole body, or part of the body, at a single point, e.g. touching toes
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What is Mobility?
Ability to move with speed, balance and endurance, e.g.
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What is Endurance/Stamina?
Ability to exert power for an extended period without tiring, e.g. cross country running
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What are the factors affecting fitness levels?
VO2 max, Age, Genotype, Disease, Sex
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What is VO2 max?
This is the maximum volume (ml) of oxygen a person can use per minutes (minutes) per kilogram (kg) of body mass during exercise
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How does age affect fitness levels?
As a person gets older their lung capacity and cardiac output declines. A person aged 30 will have a max heart rate of 190 bpm, whereas a person of 60 will have a max heart rate of 160 bpm.
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How does genotype affect fitness levels?
People are built differently and the ability to build muscle differs between people. This is often due to a person's genetic make up.
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How does disease affect fitness levels?
Some diseases will reduce the ability a person has to perform in aerobic exercise. This especially appies to diseases of the lungs and heart.
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How does sex affect fitness levels?
Generally males have higher VO2 max scores than females. This is due to them generally having more fat compared to muscles than men.
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What are the short term effects of exercise?
Deeper breathing; Breathing through mouth; Increased rate of ventilation; Increased stroke volume; Sweating; Increased heart rate; Decreased blood PH due to more CO2; Blood pressure increases so more oxygen is delivered to muscles
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What are the long term effets of exercise?
Improved stroke volume, increasing cardiac output; Reduced stress on heart; Lower resting pulse rate/increased maximum rate; Increased capacity to do work; Increased elasticity of blood vessles; Increased rate of O2 transfer
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is Aerobic Fitness?

Back

This is the capacity to take in, transport and use oxygen without tiring. Good aerbic fitness is to do this for longer than 12 minutes. The respiratory and cardiovascular systems are used during aerbic fitness.

Card 3

Front

What is Muscular Fitness?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is Maximum Strength?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is Dynamic Strength?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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