Hazards Key Terms 0.0 / 5 ? GeographyNatural hazardsASAQA Created by: aw698Created on: 30-03-18 14:54 Socio-economic disruption Disruption to social or economic aspects of society 1 of 40 Environmental degradation the deterioration of the natural environment 2 of 40 Effusive eruption An eruption where lava flows on the ground rather than being expelled in an explosive manner 3 of 40 Basaltic eruption A gentle (effusive) eruption, which is characterised by fluid lava and is relatively predictable 4 of 40 Stratovolcano A steep-sided volcano made up of alternate layers of lava and ash 5 of 40 Prevention The action of stopping something from happening 6 of 40 Prediction Suggesting what might happen in the future 7 of 40 Park response model A model to show the changing quality of life through different phases of a disaster 8 of 40 Hazard Management Cycle A cycle showing phases of response,recovery, mitigation and preparedness in the management of a hazard 9 of 40 Primary hazard Hazards that are directly related to the volcano and its eruption 10 of 40 Pyroclastic flow A mixture of hot rock,lava,ash and gases arising from a volcanic eruption that moves at a rapid speed along the ground 11 of 40 Tephra Rock fragments ejected during eruptions 12 of 40 Nuee Ardente A dense, rapidly moving cloud of hot gases, ashes and lava fragments from a volcanic eruption; a type of pyroclastic flow 13 of 40 Secondary hazard Hazards that occur due to the occurrence of another, primary hazard; they are indirectly related to the volcanic event 14 of 40 Lahar A destructive mudflow which occurs as a result of a volcanic eruption 15 of 40 Tsunami A large wave triggered by seismic activity 16 of 40 Acid rain Volcanoes erupt sulphurous gases which can result in acidic rainwater 17 of 40 Intraplate in the middle of a plate, away from the plate margins 18 of 40 Subduction zones zones where thin, dense oceanic crust is forced beneath thicker, less dense continental crust at a destructive plate boundary 19 of 40 Shield volcano A volcano with gently sloping sides, characteristic of fluid, basaltic lava 20 of 40 Caldera a large volcanic crater, often formed following a highly explosive eruption where the summit of the volcano is removed 21 of 40 Hotspots sites where the mantle plumes rise up through areas of thin crust, causing volcanic activity in areas away from plate boundaries 22 of 40 Ground deformation the change in shape of the ground before or after a volcanic eruption; often due to movement of magma below surface 23 of 40 Preparedness the state of readiness for a volcanic eruption 24 of 40 Mitigation the action of reducing the severity or seriousness of a volcanic eruption 25 of 40 Adaptation the action of changing or adapting behaviour in order to reduce the severity of volcanic eruption 26 of 40 Phreatic steam-driven explosions which occur when water beneath the ground is superheated by magma 27 of 40 Volcanic Explosivity Index an index that measures the explosivity of volcanic eruptions 28 of 40 Continental crust the Earth's crust which is found under the continent; relatively thick 29 of 40 Benioff zone the zone where earthquakes tend to occur as the oceanic crust is being subducted underneath the continental crust 30 of 40 Oceanic crust the crust which is found under the oceans; relatively thin 31 of 40 Seismometer an instrument that measures the seismic waves generated by an earthquake 32 of 40 Unconsolidated sediment loosely arranged particles of sediment that are not joined together 33 of 40 Coriolis force the rotation of the Earth which deflects objects and air moving along the Earth's surface 34 of 40 Latent heat the heat required to turn a solid into a liquid or liquid into gas without a change in temperature 35 of 40 Silting where grains of sand/ silt accumulate 36 of 40 Convection column a vertical, rising column of smoke, ashes and particulates caused by a fire 37 of 40 Disaster hotspot a location which is at risk of experiencing 2 or more hazards; eg Haiti 38 of 40 Crowdsourcing a way of obtaining information by enlisting the services of a number of people usually through the internet/mobile phones 39 of 40 Hazard perception the way in which someone understands or interprets a hazard 40 of 40
Edexcel AS Geography Unit 1 - Global Challenges (6GE01), Topic 1 (World at Risk), Sections 1 (Global Hazards) and 2 (Global Hazard Trends) Revision 5.0 / 5 based on 1 rating Teacher recommended
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